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酶的结构概念

酶的结构概念. 全酶 ( holoenzyme) || 酶蛋白( apoenzyme) + 辅助因子 ( cofactor) cofactor. 金属离子. 辅基, prosthetic group. 结合力强. 辅酶, co-enzyme. 酶的命名法. EC 号的第一个数字 1. oxidoreductase 氧化还原酶类 2. transferase 转移酶类 3. hydrolase 水解酶类

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酶的结构概念

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  1. 酶的结构概念 全酶 (holoenzyme) || 酶蛋白(apoenzyme) + 辅助因子 (cofactor) cofactor 金属离子 辅基, prosthetic group 结合力强 辅酶,co-enzyme

  2. 酶的命名法 EC号的第一个数字 1. oxidoreductase 氧化还原酶类 2. transferase 转移酶类 3. hydrolase 水解酶类 4. lyase 裂合酶类 5. isomerase 异构酶类 6. ligase/synthetase 连接酶类

  3. 氧化还原酶 转移酶 水解酶 裂合酶 异构酶 连接酶

  4. 酶反应的三种不同抑制 竞争性抑制(Competitive inhibition): E + S ES E + P +I Ki EI 反竞争性抑制(Uncompetitive inhibition): E + S ES E + P +I Ki ESI Ki=[E]*[I]/[EI], Eo=E + EI + ES Eo=E + ESI + ES

  5. 非竞争抑制(Noncompetitive inhibition): E + S ES E + P +I Ki +I Ki EI ESI

  6. 不同类型抑制作用的米氏方程

  7. 非竞争性抑制 反竞争性抑制 竞争性抑制 I

  8. 酶经常以多(寡)聚体的形式存在 • 很多酶都有同工酶,可以聚合在一起,也可以单体存在 • 多亚基酶往往受正协同别构效应的调控 • 核酶:RNA可以是酶, 或酶活性的主要成分 • 抗体酶:抗体也可以成为酶

  9. 酶反应的机制及相应理论和假说 • 酶活性的调控:别构效应 • 酶的作用机理 • 影响酶活力的因素

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