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Clément ALBINET – Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA)

IGARSS 2011 VANCOUVER – Tuesday, July 26 – TU4.T05 SAR/Lidar Sensing. TropiSCAT : A MULTI-FREQUENCY POLINSAR DATA CAMPAIGN OF ACQUISITION FOR VEGETATION CHARACTERIZATION. Clément ALBINET – Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA)

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Clément ALBINET – Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA)

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  1. IGARSS 2011 VANCOUVER – Tuesday, July 26 – TU4.T05 SAR/Lidar Sensing TropiSCAT : A MULTI-FREQUENCY POLINSAR DATA CAMPAIGN OF ACQUISITION FOR VEGETATION CHARACTERIZATION Clément ALBINET – Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA) Pierre BORDERIES – Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA) Thierry KOLECK – Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) Fabio ROCCA – Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI) Stefano TEBALDINI – Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI) Thuy LE TOAN – Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère (CESBIO) Ludovic VILLARD – Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère (CESBIO) Stéphane MERMOZ – Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère (CESBIO) Dinh HO TONG MINH – Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI)

  2. BIOMASS Mission, candidate for the ESA 7th Earth Explorer Mission First Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) at P-band Introduction and Context • Forest with high biomass density (>300ton/ha) → PolInSAR • High temporal coherence is necessary ! → Airborne experiment : TropiSAR (2009) → Ground based experiment : TropiSCAT (ESA and CNES founding) 3

  3. Introduction and Context 1. Experiment description 2. Preliminary campaign results 3. TropiSCAT first results 4. TropiSCAT development Conclusion Plan 4

  4. 1. Experiment description • Goal : • Polarimetric intensity • Polarimetric complex coherence • Polarimetric vertical imaging (tomography) • Time scales : • Minutes • Daily • Monthly • Yearly 5

  5. 1. Experiment description • Equipment : • VNA – Agilent A5061B : • With IF=1kHz, noise is less than -100 dBm. • Antennas – SATIMO LP400 : • 400MHz – 1GHz • Adequate 3dB aperture : E - 50° / H - 65°. • RF Switches : • Solid state switches. • 70m Low loss cables : • Losses measured in laboratory range from 3 dB at 400 MHz to 5 dB at 1 GHz. • Industrial Computer : • Compact design • Tropicalized motherboard • Waterproof 6

  6. Location - Requirements : High biomass density High number of different tree species High spot for radar measurement Safe place for hardware → Guyaflux tower in Paracou, French Guiana 1. Experiment description 7

  7. Location : 55 m high Guyaflux tower in Paracou, French Guiana 1. Experiment description view from the top of the tower : • Primary forest • Continuously studied since the seventies • Ground data are continuously collected (weather, soil moisture, tree measurements) • Test site overflown by TropiSAR campaign (ONERA, August 2009) 8

  8. 2. Preliminary experiment results • Project evolution/planning : • October 2010 – Preliminary campaign with light equipment. • June 2011 – Setup of the automatic full-polarimetric backscattering and coherence measurements. • September 2011 - Setup of the automatic tomographic measurements. • Instrument architecture : • 2 moving antennas • Direct measurements • To demonstrate the feasibility of the concept 9

  9. 2. Preliminary experiment results • Intensity : • Validation of impulses responses 10

  10. 2. Preliminary experiment results • Vertical tomography : • Validation of tomograms 11

  11. 2. Preliminary experiment results • Vertical tomography : • HH • HV • Localization of the contributors • VV 12

  12. 3. TropiSCAT first results • Project evolution/planning : • October 2010 – Preliminary campaign with light equipment. • June 2011 – Setup of the automatic full-polarimetric backscattering and coherence measurements. • September 2011 - Setup of the automatic tomographic measurements. • Instrument architecture : • 4 antennas configuration 13

  13. 3. TropiSCAT first results • Range gate on the tower at P band : • Extremely high coherence on tower • Validation of coherence measurements 14

  14. 3. TropiSCAT first results • Range gate on the forest at P Band : 24 hours • Diurnal cycle & High coherence for one day interval • Strong decorrelation during storm, stronger for foliage only • Strong decorrelation night/day • Stronger decorrelation for full forest • High influence of soil • Prominent influence of soil moisture variation ? • Further analysis necessary with ground data 15

  15. 3. TropiSCAT first results • Foliage only at 2 bands : L band P band • Stronger decorrelation at L band • Stronger decorrelation on HH at L band 16

  16. 3. TropiSCAT first results • Full forest at 2 bands : L band P band • For HV : day night same order of decorrelation. • Stronger decorrelation on VV at L band during • the whole day, including same hour. • Stronger decorrelation at L band for HH. 17

  17. 4. TropiSCAT development • Project evolution/planning : • October 2010 – Preliminary campaign with light equipment. • June 2011 – Setup of the automatic full-polarimetric backscattering and coherence measurements. • September 2011 - Setup of the automatic tomographic measurements. • Instrument architecture : • Antenna array configuration : 20 antennas 18

  18. The preliminary experiment has demonstrated the feasibility of the concept The TropiSCAT experiment has been partially installed in French Guiana and is currently running The first measurements show that TropiSCAT experiment can achieve the scientific objectives The first results yield physical interpretation Conclusion 19

  19. TropiSCAT : A MULTI-FREQUENCY POLINSAR DATA CAMPAIGN OF ACQUISITION FOR VEGETATION CHARACTERIZATION Thank you for your attention. Clement.Albinet@onera.fr (360° panorama from the top of the tower) 20

  20. 4 antennas configuration 70cm 150cm 85cm 70cm • Project evolution/planning : • October 2010 – Preliminary campaign with light equipment. • June 2011 – Setup of the automatic full-polarimetric backscattering and coherence measurements. • September 2011 - Setup of the automatic tomographic measurements. • Antennas configuration : R-H T-H T-V R-V Forest Tower 21

  21. Modeling • Comparisons between measurements and modeling : • Interpret the temporal variations observed in the long term experiment. • Situation of the plot : • West side of tower • Surface of 172 m² 22

  22. Modeling • Comparisons between measurements and modeling : • Comparisons with measurements from the TropiSAR airborne campaign 23

  23. Deforestation Regeneration Introduction and Context Carbon Budget Carbon fluxes and its uncertainties [BIOMASS 08] • Biomass changes on tropical forests • P-band (435MHz) now available 24

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