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Cell Energy

Cell Energy. ATP, Photosynthesis, and Respiration. The Energy Molecule- ATP. Energy in the body is used to maintain homeostasis Homeostasis - maintaining a constant internal environment even though external conditions change. The Energy Molecule- ATP.

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Cell Energy

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  1. Cell Energy ATP, Photosynthesis, and Respiration

  2. The Energy Molecule- ATP • Energy in the body is used to maintain homeostasis • Homeostasis- maintaining a constant internal environment even though external conditions change

  3. The Energy Molecule- ATP • ATPis the molecule in the body that stores energy in the bonds between phosphate groups. When a bond between the phosphate groups is broken, energy is released.

  4. The Energy Molecule- ATP • Parts of an ATP molecule • ATP contains one base, one sugar, and 3 phosphate groups Base-adenine P P P Sugar- ribose

  5. The Energy Molecule-ATP • ADP- Adenosine Diphosphate- 2 phosphate groups • AMP – Adenosine Monophosphate – 1 phosphate group P P Base-adenine Sugar- ribose P Base-adenine Sugar- ribose

  6. ADP ATP Energy Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Energy Partially charged battery Fully charged battery The Energy Molecule-ATP

  7. ATP-ADP Cycle

  8. Photosynthesis • Producers like plants, algae and some bacteria • Plants trap energy from the sun, and build glucose molecules • Light energy is converted to chemicalenergy. • Occurs in the chloroplasts

  9. Photosynthesis • Overall reaction for photosynthesis • 6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 Energy, light, & chlorophyll

  10. Overview of Photosynthesis Light Energy Chloroplast CO2 + H2O Sugars + O2

  11. Photo synthesis

  12. PhotosynthesisLight-Dependent Reaction H2O sunlight O2 CO2 Glucose

  13. Cellular Respiration • Cellular Respiration • Process of breaking down food (glucose)molecules to produce energy (ATP) • Occurs in themitochondria

  14. Cellular Respiration • Types of respiration • Aerobic respiration requires oxygen • Anaerobic respiration uses no oxygen

  15. Cellular Respiration • Overall Reaction for Aerobic Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 36 ATP • NOTE: Photosynthesis is the opposite reaction of respiration. The reactants of one are the products of the other.

  16. Anaerobic Respiration • Two types • Alcoholic Fermentation • by bacteria • Produces ethyl alcohol and CO2 • Only 2 ATP are produced • Lactic Acid Fermentation • By animals • Produces lactic acid and CO2 • Only 2 ATP are produced • Causes muscle soreness

  17. Cellular Respiration

  18. Characteristics Photosynthesis Aerobic Respiration Reactants/requirements CO2, H20, light, chlorophyll, enzymes Glucose, O2 Products Glucose, O2 CO2, H20, 36 ATP Location chloroplasts mitochondria Use of energy storage release Use of food molecules Food made Food broken down Comparison of Photosynthesis and Respiration

  19. Photosynthesis and respiration

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