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Unit 14: Social Psychology

Unit 14: Social Psychology. Unit Overview. Social Thinking Social Influence Social Relations. Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation. Introduction. Social Psychology. Section 1 - Social Thinking. Attributing Behavior to Persons or to Situations.

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Unit 14: Social Psychology

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  1. Unit 14:Social Psychology

  2. Unit Overview • Social Thinking • Social Influence • Social Relations Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.

  3. Introduction • Social Psychology

  4. Section 1 - Social Thinking

  5. Attributing Behavior to Persons or to Situations • Attribution theory • Dispositional vs. situational attribution • Fundamental attribution error • Self-serving bias

  6. Attributing Behavior to Persons or to SituationsThe Effects of Attribution • Personal relationships • Political relationships • Job relationships

  7. Attitudes and Actions • Attitude • Central route persuasion • Peripheral route persuasion Is this ad with Peyton Manning an example of central route or peripheral route persuasion?

  8. Attitudes and ActionsActions Affect Attitudes • The Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon • “start small and build”

  9. Attitudes and ActionsActions Affect Attitudes • Role-Playing Affects Attitudes • Role • Stanford prison study • Abu Ghraib

  10. Attitudes and ActionsActions Affect Attitudes • Cognitive Dissonance: Relief From Tension • Cognitive dissonance theory • “Attitudes follow behavior”

  11. Section 2 - Social Influence

  12. Conformity and Obedience • Chameleon effect • Mood linkage

  13. Solomon Asch Study 1 2 3 Standard line Comparison Lines

  14. Solomon Asch Study 1 2 3 Standard line Comparison Lines

  15. Solomon Asch Study

  16. Conformity and ObedienceGroup Pressure and Conformity • Conformity • Solomon Asch study

  17. Conformity and ObedienceGroup Pressure and Conformity • Conditions That Strengthen Conformity • One is made to feel incompetent or insecure • Group has at least three people • Group is unanimous • One admires the group’s status • One has made no prior commitment • Others in group observe one’s behavior • One’s culture strongly encourages respect for social standards

  18. Conformity and ObedienceGroup Pressure and Conformity • Reasons for Conforming • Normative social influence • Informational social influence

  19. Conformity and ObedienceObedience • Obedience • Milgram’s studies on obedience • Procedure • Results • Ethics • Follow up studies

  20. Conformity and ObedienceObedience • Milgram found obedience was highest when: • Person giving orders was perceived as an authority figure • Authority figure was supported by a prestigious institution • Victim as depersonalized or at a distance • There were no role models for defiance

  21. Conformity and ObedienceObedience

  22. Conformity and ObedienceLessons From the Conformity and Obedience Studies • Ordinary people being corrupted by an evil situation

  23. Group InfluenceIndividual Behavior in the Presence of Others • Social Facilitation • Task difficulty • Expertise effects • Crowding effects

  24. Group InfluenceIndividual Behavior in the Presence of Others • Social Loafing • Reasons why? • Less accountability • View themselves as dispensable

  25. Group InfluenceIndividual Behavior in the Presence of Others • Deindividuation

  26. Group InfluenceEffects of Group Interaction • Group Polarization

  27. Group InfluenceEffects of Group Interaction • Group Polarization

  28. Group InfluenceEffects of Group Interaction • Group Polarization

  29. Group InfluenceEffects of Group Interaction • Group Polarization

  30. Group InfluenceEffects of Group Interaction • Groupthink • Bay of Pigs • Challenger explosion

  31. Cultural Influence • Culture • Culture within animals • Culture in humans

  32. Cultural InfluenceVariations Across Cultures • Norm • Personal space • Pace of life

  33. Cultural InfluenceVariation Over Time • Changes over the generations

  34. The Power of Individuals • Social control vs personal control • Minority influence

  35. Social Relations

  36. PrejudiceHow Prejudiced Are People? • Prejudice • Stereotype • Discrimination • Overt prejudice • Subtle prejudice

  37. PrejudiceHow Prejudiced Are People?

  38. PrejudiceHow Prejudiced Are People?

  39. PrejudiceHow Prejudiced Are People?

  40. PrejudiceHow Prejudiced Are People?

  41. PrejudiceHow Prejudiced Are People?

  42. PrejudiceHow Prejudiced Are People?

  43. PrejudiceSocial Roots of Prejudice • Social Inequalities • Us and Them: Ingroup and Outgroup • Ingroup (Ingroup bias) • Outgroup • Emotional roots of prejudice • Scapegoat theory

  44. PrejudiceCognitive Roots of Prejudice • Categorization • Outgroup homogeneity • Other-race effect • Vivid cases • Just-world phenomenon • Hindsight bias

  45. Aggression • Aggression

  46. AggressionThe Biology of Aggression • Genetic Influences • Neural Influences • Biochemical Influences

  47. AggressionPsychological and Social-Cultural Factors in Aggression • Aversive Events • Frustration-aggression principle • Fight or slight reaction • Social and cultural influences • Aggression-replacement program

  48. AggressionPsychological and Social-Cultural Factors in Aggression • Observing models of aggression • Rape myth • Acquiring social scripts • Do video games teach, or release violence? • Catharsis hypothesis?

  49. Biopsychosocial Understanding of Aggression

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