Achievements of Muslim Scholars

1. Achievements of Muslim Scholars Cultural Achievements

2. Cultural Achievements 7.2.6 The Big Idea Muslim scholars and artists made contributions to science, art, and literature.

3. Muslim Advances • Main Idea 1: • Muslim scholars made advances in various fields of science and philosophy.

4. Muslim Advances • Muslim scholars made advances in astronomy, geography, math, and science. • Many ancient writings were translated into Arabic and studied.

5. Cultural Achievements • Geography • Geographers made more accurate maps than before, mostly due to the contributions of al-Idrisi.

7. Islamic geography was a continuation of Greek and Roman learning on Geography • Ptolemy's book Geography was translated by the Muslims and then studied • Ptolemy: a famous Roman Geographer

8. Cultural Achievements • Math • The Muslim mathematician al-Khwarizmi laid the foundations for modern algebra.

10. Cultural Achievements • Astronomy • They made improvements to the astrolabe, which the Greeks had invented to chart the positions of the stars.

11. Muslims were among the first to make observatories – which are buildings made to study the stars.

12. More Scholarly Advances • Medicine • The Muslims’ greatest scientific achievements may have come in medicine. • A doctor named Ar-Razi discovered how to diagnose and treat the deadly disease smallpox.

15. 17. Which statement is not true? • Muslim geographers like al-Idrisi made more • accurate maps. • Muslim scholars studied Greek and Roman • advancements. • Muslim scholars studied the Roman geographer • Ptolemy. • Muslim scholars translated ancient into • Latin so they could read them. - they translated them into Arabic E. I don’t know

16. 18. The Muslim mathematician al-Khwarizmi basically started this form of math? A. calculus • addition • algebra • division E. I don’t know

17. 19. Which statement is not true? A. Muslim’s invented the astrolabe. • Muslims scientists discovered a treatment • for smallpox. • Muslims improved the astrolabe which helped • make more accurate charts of the stars. • Muslims were some of the first people to • make and use observatories. E. I don’t know

18. More Scholarly Advances • Philosophy • The Muslim philosophy focused on spiritual issues, which led to a movement called Sufism. • Sufism teaches that people can find God’s love by having a personal relationship with God.

19. Literature and the Arts • Main Idea 2: • Islam influenced styles of literature and the arts.

20. Literature and the Arts • Literature • Two forms of literature were popular in the Muslim world—poetry and short stories.

21. The Thousand and One Nights is one of the most famous pieces of literature that came out of medieval Islam. • The stories that came from that book influenced many future writers

22. The book tells the story of a Persian Queen. • Her husband was King Shahryar and he was going to have her killed. • In the book, the Persian Queen tells a series of stories to her wicked husband in order to delay her execution.

23. The stories are told over a period of one thousand and one nights. • Every night she ends the story with a suspenseful situation. The suspenseful ending made her husband want to keep her alive for another day.

24. The individual stories of the book were created over many centuries, by many different people and in many different styles. The stories became very famous. • Some of the stories the wife told to delay her execution included Aladdin, Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, & The Seven Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor

27. Literature and the Arts • Architecture • The greatest architectural achievements were mosques. They often had a dome and minarets—narrow towers from which Muslims are called to prayer. • Patrons, or sponsors, used their wealth to pay for elaborately decorated mosques.

28. Literature and the Arts • Art • Because they could not represent people or animals in paintings due to their religion, Muslim artists turned calligraphy, or decorative writing, into an art form. • They used calligraphy to decorate buildings and mosques.

29. Happy Birthday (in Arabic)

32. Most Muslim scholars agree that images of living things with souls is forbidden (that is why most Islamic art does not include human forms) Paintings of this masterpiece would not be allowed.

34. 20. What does Sufism philosophy teach? A. You should root for the Red Sox in all games. • You should study Greek and Roman scholars to • make advancements. • You can experience God’s love by having a • personal relationship with him. • You can experience God’s love by studying • the Qur’an. E. I don’t know

35. 21. Identify the false statement. • Aladdin is the main story of 1,001 Arabian • Nights. • Muslim authors often wrote short stories & poems. • Most Muslim authors wrote in Arabic. • The One Thousand and One Arabian Nights • tells story of Persian Queen trying to stay alive. E. I don’t know

36. 22. Which definition is correct for the word calligraphy? • narrow towers from which Muslims are called to • prayer B. decorative writing • sponsors who paid to decorate mosques • pictures taken for mosques E. I don’t know