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Tools, Containers, & Mechanics of Floral Design

Tools, Containers, & Mechanics of Floral Design. Modified by the GA Ag Ed Curriculum Office July 2002. Types of Hand Tools. Knives. One of the most important floral design tools because flowers must be cut before arranging Pocket knives and paring knives are the most commonly used types.

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Tools, Containers, & Mechanics of Floral Design

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  1. Tools, Containers, & Mechanics of Floral Design Modified by the GA Ag Ed Curriculum Office July 2002

  2. Types of Hand Tools

  3. Knives • One of the most important floral design tools because flowers must be cut before arranging • Pocket knives and paring knives are the most commonly used types.

  4. Clippers • Also called floral shears • Used for cutting and trimming thicker flower and foliage stems

  5. Wire cutters • Several types of wire cutters are available: • Wire Snips: have a spring action handle and short blades; can be used to cut thick items easily • Utility Wire Scissors: serrated; used to cut wire and plastic; often have longer blades

  6. Strippers • Also called rose strippers or dethorners • Used for removing thorns and leaves from stems

  7. Scissors • Ribbon scissors have long slender blades, and they should only be used on ribbon, netting, and fabric. • Utility scissors are used to cut thicker materials.

  8. How to Choose a Container

  9. Function • Containers are the foundation of a design. • Containers that house fresh flowers must hold water and provide a deep reservoir. • The opening in a container should be big enough to hold all the stems of a design. • The container should be heavy enough to support the actual weight of the design.

  10. Shape and Size • The shape of the container should flow visually with the arrangement. • The shape of the container will often dictate the form of the finished design. • Container size should be proportional to the flowers -- not too big or too small.

  11. Style • Certain container shapes portray a period style theme. • The color of the container should be compatible with the flowers of the design. • The texture of the container reflects the mood of the design. For example, coarse textured baskets reflect a casual mood and rugged style.

  12. Common Container Materials

  13. Materials • Glassware: common, affordable, and versatile; simple and elegant • Plastics: come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors; can take on the appearance of other materials • Baskets: charming and homey; can be used to create many different looks

  14. Materials • Ceramics: includes pottery, stoneware, and porcelain; glazing can create a polished and formal appearance • Brass: highly reflective and elegant; generally expensive; used for special designs

  15. Mechanics of Arrangements

  16. Establishing the Foundation • A secure foundation is necessary to arrange flowers and have them remain where you put them. • Popular foundation materials include floral foam, pin holders, grids, and lacing.

  17. Floral Foam • Porous material designed specifically for the arrangement of flowers • Must be soaked in water if used for fresh flowers • Do not reuse foam after soaking. • It is best to cut floral foam with a knife. • Foam should be anchored with tape, pins, or glue.

  18. Pin Holders • Also known as needlepoint holders or frogs • Has a heavy metal base with many closely spaced pins sticking upwards • Requires more time and care when used in a design

  19. Grids • Used mostly in clear glass containers to make arranging easier • You can get pre-made plastic grids, or you can make one by taping off the top of the container.

  20. Lacing • A grid made by interlocking foliage stems • Leatherleaf fern is commonly used in lacing.

  21. Wire • A gauge number indicates thickness. For example, a lower number equals a thicker wire. • Types of wire –straight – paddle –chicken • Wiring techniques –pierce – hook-wire – insertion

  22. Glue Adhesives • Helps to keep individual pieces of an arrangement securely fastened together • Common types • pan-melt • glue guns and sticks • liquid floral glue • spray glue

  23. Clays and Tapes • Floral clay is a putty-like substance used to anchor items into water. • Floral tape is a paraffin-coated paper tape that sticks to itself when stretched.

  24. Ribbon • Adds a decorative touch to designs • Ribbon width is referred to by numbers such as #3, #9, #40, etc. • A larger number equals a wider ribbon.

  25. Types of Ribbon • Satin acetate ribbon is the least expensive and most commonly used. You can also use: • wired ribbon • paper ribbon • metallic ribbon • decorative lace • print/novelty ribbon

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