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Figure 7.0 Fluorescent stain of cell

Figure 7.0 Fluorescent stain of cell. How do we learn about cell structure and function?. Immunofluorescence microscopy. http://learn.hamamatsu.com/galleries/digitalvideo/index.html. Figure 7.3 Cell fractionation. Differential Centrifugation - based on size (pellet and supernatant)

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Figure 7.0 Fluorescent stain of cell

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  1. Figure 7.0 Fluorescent stain of cell How do we learn about cell structure and function? Immunofluorescence microscopy

  2. http://learn.hamamatsu.com/galleries/digitalvideo/index.html

  3. Figure 7.3 Cell fractionation Differential Centrifugation - based on size (pellet and supernatant) Density Gradient Centrifugation - Rate Zonal- preformed density gradients(size and shape) Equilibrium- Density

  4. Figure 7.0 Fluorescent stain of cell How big is a cell?

  5. Figure 7.1 The size range of cells

  6. What are the two main types of cells? Figure 7.4 A prokaryotic cell

  7. Common Components of all Cells -molecular components -plasma membrane -DNA -cytoplasm -ribosomes -metabolism Animal Plant Bacteria (Prokaryotic) (Eukaryotic)

  8. Figure 7.6 The plasma membrane

  9. Figure 7.9 The nucleus and its envelope  Nucleolus- site of ribosome synthesis Lamina- net of intermediate filaments Matrix- Structural fibers extending throughout nucleus

  10. Figure 7.11 Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Endomembrane System- internal membranes related by physical continuity or vesicle transfer. (nuclear envelope, E.R., golgi, lysosomes,and various vacoules) R.E.R.- synthesis and modification of excreted proteins, membrane proteins (glycoproteins). Vesicle transport to golgi. Membrane production. Smooth E.R.- Synthesis of lipids, carbo metabolism(glycogen hydrolysis), detoxification of poisons, Ca++ storage in muscles

  11. Figure 7.10 Ribosomes Ribonucleoprotein complex- rRNA and protein

  12. Figure 7.12 The Golgi apparatus Products from the E.R. modified, sorted, packaged for “shipping”. Polysaccharide synthesis (pectins in plants). “Docking proteins” in trans face membrane.

  13. Figure 7.13 Lysosomes Sac of hydrolytic enzymes for all macromolecules. Bud from E.R. Acidic pH- H+ pumps in membrane.

  14. Figure 7.14 The formation and functions of lysosomes (Layer 1)

  15. Figure 7.14 The formation and functions of lysosomes (Layer 2)

  16. Figure 7.14 The formation and functions of lysosomes (Layer 3) Digestion functions: -Food -Cell parts -Programmed cell death. Lysosome storage diseases: Tay-Sachs

  17. Figure 7.16 Review: relationships among organelles of the endomembrane system 

  18. Figure 7.19 Peroxisomes Dehydrogenation reactions, formation of hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisomes not part of endomembrane system.

  19. Figure 7.17 The mitochondrion, site of cellular respiration

  20. ENDOSYMIOTICTHEORY

  21. Figure 7.18 The chloroplast, site of photosynthesis

  22. Figure 7.15 The plant cell vacuole  Central vacuole: storage of macromolecules, inorganic ions, hydrostatic pressure. Contractile vacuole: Freshwater protists Pigment storage: Plastids

  23. Figure 7.20 The cytoskeleton Structural support, cell motility, organelle movement and anchoring, intra-cellular transport, phagocytosis, regulation of biochemical activities (signal transduction). Not permanent, can disassemble and reassemble.

  24. Table 7.2 The structure and function of the cytoskeleton

  25. Figure 7.21 Motor molecules and the cytoskeleton

  26. Figure 7.23 A comparison of the beating of flagella and cilia

  27. Figure 7.24 Ultrastructure of a eukaryotic flagellum or cilium Basal body (Structurally like centriole)

  28. Figure 7.25 How dynein “walking” moves cilia and flagella

  29. Figure 7.26 A structural role of microfilaments Increase surface area Outer cytoplasmic area has gel consistancy.

  30. Figure 7.27 Microfilaments and motility Distribution of nutrients and materials.

  31. CELL SURFACES AND JUNCTIONS Matrix of microfibrils(cellulose), other polysaccharides and protein. Pectins (middle lamella)

  32. Figure 7.29 Extracellular matrix (ECM) of an animal cell fibronectin

  33. Figure 7.30 Intercellular junctions in animal tissues

  34. Figure 7.31 The emergence of cellular functions from the cooperation of many organelles

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