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Europeans Encounter the New World

Europeans Encounter the New World. What was happening in Europe in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries that explains the motivation to look outward (exploration, expansion, and colonization)?

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Europeans Encounter the New World

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  1. Europeans Encounter the New World

  2. What was happening in Europe in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries that explains the motivation to look outward (exploration, expansion, and colonization)? • Describe the meaning of the Columbian Exchange. How did the Old and New World experience gains and loses because of the exchange? • Who benefited the most from the Columbian Exchange and why? • Explain the role Portugal played in the age of European exploration. • How and why did a geographic revolution take place in the sixteenth century?

  3. Changes in Europe resulting in exploration and colonization: Reconquest • To eliminate Muslim strongholds in the Iberian Peninsula (purify Christianity) • Isabella promoted knowledge and technology of print • Navigation improvements (compass, hourglass, astrolabe, maps-Portuguese) • Viking/Norsemen sagas developed a taste for luxury from Asia and Africa • New information

  4. The Black Death/Plague increase in supply of food/luxury goods opportunities for advancement stronger religious ties encouraged risks • Competition for trade in the east • Increase power More territory, more subjects, more taxes, more soldiers, more prestige

  5. Portuguese Exploration • Devoted more energy and wealth than other European countries between 1415-1460 • Religion was an easy way to justify expansion • Prince Henry the Navigator (navigation techniques) • Peaceful trading post in Africa • 1460s: use of African slaves for sugar plantations • Sea route to Asia • Significant trade in Indonesia, China, India

  6. Geographical Revolution Altered Europeans understanding of the world and its people. • Treaty of Tordesillas

  7. Columbian Exchange • Trade of goods people and ideas

  8. Be able to answer the question below • During the sixteenth century, Spain became the most powerful country in both Europe and the Americas. How and why did this happen? How did Spain transform America? How is the Spanish influence still visible in the United States today?

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