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CSCE330 Computer Architecture

CSCE330 Computer Architecture. Dr. Khaled El-Ayat. أنا إن قدر الإله مماتى           لا ترى الشرق يرفع الرأس بعدى إننى حرة كسرت قيودى               رغم أنف العدا وقطعت قيدى مصر التى فى خاطرى وفى دمى أحبها من كل روحى ودمى. ٣٠/٦/٢٠١٣. ١٥/١١/١١ الشيخ عماد عفت.

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CSCE330 Computer Architecture

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  1. CSCE330 Computer Architecture Dr. Khaled El-Ayat

  2. أنا إن قدر الإله مماتى          لا ترى الشرق يرفع الرأس بعدىإننى حرة كسرت قيودى               رغم أنف العدا وقطعت قيدىمصر التى فى خاطرى وفى دمى أحبها من كل روحى ودمى ٣٠/٦/٢٠١٣ ١٥/١١/١١ الشيخ عماد عفت ١٥/١١/١١ علاء عبد الهادى ٢٥/١/١١

  3. Course--Overview“See the forest from the trees” • Technology & Computer Architecture • Review: MIPS instruction set architecture--, CISC vs. RISC ... (Chapter 2) • Computer Arithmetic, ALU design (Appendix C5,6) [Lab] • CPU Datapath and Control (Chapter 4) [Lab] • Pipelining (Chapter 4) [CPU simulator project] • Memory Hierarchy: Cache, virtual memory (Chapter 5) • Advanced Pipelining concepts, Multiprocessing, Multi-core technology

  4. Prerequisite Knowledge • Basic machine (CPU) organization • processor, memory, I/O ; CSCE 231 • Read and write C / C++/Java programs • Read and write in an assembly language; CSCE 231 • Logic design Fundamentals; CSCE 230 • NOTE: Must take CSCE 339 this semester!!

  5. Computing Devices Now Set-top boxes Sensor Nets Games Airbus Cameras Media Players Honda’sAsimo Servers Routers Laptops Smart phones Automobiles Supercomputers

  6. Google Driverless Prius • Granted U.S. patent — in its march to develop autonomous cars. • "Transitioning a Mixed-mode Vehicle to Autonomous Mode." • technologies that enable autonomous driving: • radar, video cameras and lasers. • Logged 140k miles testing in California / Nevada • Autonomous driving law adopted in Nevada

  7. ARM Smart Phone

  8. Desktop or Laptop

  9. Optical Mouse in action Optical mice illuminate work surface with LED, to reveal microscopic pattern of highlights and shadows. Patterns are reflected onto navigation sensor, which takes pictures at a rate of 1500 images per second.

  10. Optical Mouse Image processing The Navigation Engine identifies common features in sequential images to determine the direction and amount of mouse movement. Image B was taken while the mouse was moving, a short time after image A. It shows the same features as image A, only shifted down& to the left.

  11. Internet Routing Internet ? http://static.howstuffworks.com/flash/router-inet.swf Routing http://static.howstuffworks.com/flash/router-lan.swf 216.27.61.137 IP address

  12. Parallel computing, security, … Original domain of the computer architect (‘50s-’80s) Domain of recent computer architecture (‘90s) Reliability, power, … Reinvigoration of computer architecture, mid-2000s onward. Architecture:: AbstractionLayers in Modern Systems Application Algorithm Programming Language Operating System/Virtual Machine Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Microarchitecture Gates/Register-Transfer Level (RTL) Circuits Devices Physics

  13. Operating System

  14. How Computer Handles Code temp = v[k];v[k] = v[k+1];v[k+1] = temp;lw $15, 0($2)lw $16, 4($2)sw $16, 0($2)sw $15, 4($2)00000000101000010000000000011000.......(MIPS binary machine program) High level language program Compiler Assembly language program Assembler Machine language program

  15. Control Datapath Computer Basic Components • Since 1946 all computers have 5 components • Architecture: the manner in which the components of a computer system are organized • See The Big picture Input Processor Memory Output

  16. Instruction Set Architecture • Interface b/w the hardware & lowest level softwareincludes anything a programmer needs to know to make a binary machine language work • An implementation: hardware that obeys the architecture abstract • An architecture can have several different implementations • Modern instruction set architectures: • 80x86/Core duo, Power (IBM), MIPS, SPARC, HP Application software system software Hardware

  17. MIPS R3000 Instruction Set Architecture Registers R0 - R31 • Instruction Categories • Load/Store • Computational • Jump and Branch • Floating Point • Memory Management • Special • Addressing Modes PC HI LO 3 Instruction Formats: all 32 bits wide OP rs rd sa funct rt OP rs rt immediate jump target OP MIPS used this semester to explain architecture

  18. Forces on Computer Architecture Technology Programming Languages Applications Cleverness Computer Architecture Operating Systems Power History

  19. Nanotechnology advancements

  20. Silicon ingot Blank wafers Slicer 20 to 30 processing steps Tested Individual dies Patterned wafers dies (one wafer) Die Dicer tester Packaged dies Tested packaged dies Ship to customers IC Manufacturing: How a Core Duo is made

  21. Evolution of Microprocessors CMP –Chip Multiprocessors a.k.a Multicore exist since 2001; Now mainstream – laptops, servers, smartphones, ..

  22. NASA mainframe in 1969 Moon landing less powerful than today’s PC

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