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J.M.Nguta a *, J.M.Mbaria a , D.W.Gakuya b , P.K.Gathumbi c , J.D.Kabasa d , S.G.Kiama e

Antimalarial activity of some plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Msambweni district of Kenya. J.M.Nguta a *, J.M.Mbaria a , D.W.Gakuya b , P.K.Gathumbi c , J.D.Kabasa d , S.G.Kiama e. Natural products from plants as drug sources.

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J.M.Nguta a *, J.M.Mbaria a , D.W.Gakuya b , P.K.Gathumbi c , J.D.Kabasa d , S.G.Kiama e

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  1. Antimalarial activity of some plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Msambweni district of Kenya J.M.Ngutaa*, J.M.Mbariaa, D.W.Gakuyab, P.K.Gathumbic, J.D.Kabasad, S.G.Kiamae

  2. Natural products from plants as drug sources • The material culture of every civilization throughout the world is based more on plants than on animals. • People of the earth have depended for along time on plants as a source of food, clothing, shelter, transportation, medicines, rituals and traditions • The plant kingdom met the health needs of humans when no synthetic drugs were available and no concept of surgical management existed (Sharing innovative experiences)

  3. Cont. • The world has witnessed growing scientific and commercial interests in medicinal plants, mainly due to their immense economic potential and the widespread cultural acceptability of plant based products. • An inventory of medicinal plants compiled by WHO lists 21,000 species of medicinal plants. • According to WHO, 80% of the 5 billion people in the dev. World rely on herbal remedies for their basic health care needs.

  4. Cont. • The dev. world is rich in natural resourses, including floral resources • However, the south's floral wealth has not been utilized for the benefit of its people.

  5. Ethnopharmacology to modern medicine

  6. Ethnopharmacology to modern medicine (Cont.)

  7. Ethnopharmacology to modern medicine (Cont.)

  8. Ethnopharmacology to modern medicine (Cont.)

  9. Ethnopharmacology to modern medicine (Cont.)

  10. Ethnopharmacology to modern medicine (Cont.)

  11. Ctotoxicity of crude plant extracts • Nguta et al., Pharmacologyonline 2: 458-478 (2011); 4th ICDDT (Dubai, 12-15th/02/12) • Screened crude extracts: 170 • 97.6% of all the screened organic extracts and 73% of the investigated aqueous extracts demonstrated LC50 values <1000 μg/ml, hence non toxic • Hence could make safe antimalarial formulations

  12. In vivo ant malarial activity • Unpublished data • 4-day suppressive test(Peters et al., 1975) • Adansonia digitata, Zanthoxylum chalybeum, Launaea cornuta and Canthium glaucum had 60.47%, 44.93%, 38.13% and 31.98% chemosuppression respectively-all acqueous • Chloroquine (positive control) had 87.23% • Both Adansonia digitata and Canthium glaucum were non toxic • Possible candidates for drug discovery????

  13. Treatments against average chemosuppressions

  14. Treatments against average parasitaemia

  15. Phytochemical analysis

  16. In vivo antimalarial activity (cont.) • Securidaca longenpendunculata (roots), Flacourtia indica (leaves), Ocimum gratissimum (leaves) and Hoslundia opposita (roots) had 96.4%; 90.3%; 91.98% and 96.3% parasite growth inhibition respectively

  17. STUDY AREA Msambweni district

  18. Acknowledgements • The Carnegie Corporation of New York • Nairobi Node-RISE-AFNNET) • The community of Msambweni district • University of Nairobi • KEMRI-CTMDR • COLLABORATORS: • KIAMA GITAHI • JAMES MBARIA • DANIEL GAKUYA • PETER GATHUMBI • JOHN DAVID KABASA

  19. THANK YOU FOR ACTIVE PARTICIPATION

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