1 / 14

Human Brain Development and Structures: Anatomy, Functions, and Research Methods

This article explores the development of the human brain, its structures, and functions. It discusses the cerebral cortex, cerebral hemispheres, and specific areas of brain functions. Additionally, it covers the pupil reflex, energy requirements of the brain, and various research methods used to study the brain.

jackb
Download Presentation

Human Brain Development and Structures: Anatomy, Functions, and Research Methods

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Option A.2The Human Brain

  2. Development of the Brain • Occurs at the anterior portion of the neural tube • Process is called cephalization • Brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system • Nerves that branch from CNS make up the Peripheral nervous system (PNS) • PNS divided into two parts • Autonomic NS (involuntary) • Somatic (voluntary)

  3. Sympathetic VS. Parasympathetic NS

  4. Human Brain Structures

  5. Human Brain Structures & Functions

  6. Cerebral Cortex • Largest structure in the brain • More highly developed in humans than other animals • Divided into two hemispheres • Contains extensive folding (to fit) • Higher order functioning • Learning • Memory • Speech • Emotions

  7. Humunculus • Model of the body in which the size of each part corresponds to the proportion of somatosensory cortex and motor cortex

  8. Cerebral Cortex

  9. Cerebral Hemispheres

  10. Specific Areas of Brain Functions

  11. Pupil Reflex • Controlled by medulla oblongata • Circular muscle contract iris • Radial muscle constrict iris • Allows proper amount of light into the eye so as not to harm the eye

  12. Pupil reflex and Brain Death • Bright light shone into each eye • If pupils do no constrict at once it is an indication of damage to the medulla oblongata

  13. Energy and the Brain • Brain metabolism requires large energy inputs • Has large numbers of neurons so it requires lots of oxygen • Adult human brains use 20% if basal metabolism, this number is even higher in infants and small children

  14. Methods of research • Animal experimentation • Surgical procedures • Drug use • Lesions • Physiological loss of functioning • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) • Measure amount of blood flow to the brain • Can be compared to a normal brain • Autopsy • Can be compared in patient prior to death or normal patients

More Related