Methods And Equipments For Ultra Precision Machining

1. METHODS AND EQUIPMENTS FOR ULTRA-PRECISION MACHINING INTRODUCTION ● A manufacturing technique's capacity to process materials at the atomic size or the lowest scale possible is known as ultraprecision machining. ● When we talk about ultraprecision machining, we're talking about operations in the production process within one nanometre (nm) of each other. ● The standard cutting tools' great strength nor hardness neither allow them to withstand high specific cutting energy without wearing out. ● As a result, ultraprecision machining refers to the employment of single crystal diamond tools for ultra-fine cutting or excellent abrasives for lapping or polishing. It could also refer to the usage of high-intensity elementary. EQUIPMENT FOR ULTRA-PRECISION MACHINING ULTRA PRECISION MACHINING UP TO 3 MICRONS

2. ● Ultra-processing machine tools have highly advanced technology designs. For physical and thermal stability, machines have a sealed granite foundation. Thanks to the base's installation top, pneumatic isolators, footfalls, road traffic, and surrounding mechanical equipment are all avoided. ● The modern Ultra Precision machines feature an axis rigidity as strong as 875N/μ and also Adaptive Control Technology (ACT), which analyses outputs, including disturbances. ● Adaptive Control Technology also delivers active cancellation that continually adjusts and fine-tunes system-control parameters. The essential factor is anticipating a recurrent event, such as resonance, and applying for compensation before it happens as a preventative measure. Onboard metrology is included with the machines as well. METHODS OF ULTRA-PRECISION MACHINING The abrasive-free deliquescent polishing method This is a new method introduced to deal with deliquescent materials. The flattening polishing method avoids the embedding of the abrasive by eliminating the solid abrasive in the solution using classic chemical mechanical polishing technology. The deliquescent cleaning liquid is mixed with water to deliquesce the uneven layer, later removed by the polishing pad. Single point diamond turning (SPDT) SPDT is a method for ultra-precision large optical elements. During the fly cutting process, the spindle accelerates the rotation of the fly cutting disk, the diamond tool positioned on the fly cutting disk's edge completes the main cutting action, and the substrate held in the vacuum chuck moves in the feed direction. This method can produce a highly smooth surface, but its surface accuracy, surface roughness, and waviness necessitate higher processing requirements.

3. Ultra-precision grinding method This method is used to achieve high-quality surfaces. It's commonly employed in the thinning of big wafers and the production of optical components. Ultra-precision grinding works under the principle of removing material using the grinding wheel's rotation and axial feed motion. The use of ultra-precision grinding to achieve nano-level surface roughness has been discovered. Micro milling method Laser target shooting and processing use micro-milling to fix surface imperfections on soft-brittle optical materials. This technique is beneficial for laser target shooting or processing when micro-defects occur on the surface of soft, brittle optical materials. Ion beam figuring method Ion beam figuring is an optical manufacturing process that doesn't involve any physical contact. The ion beam emitted by the ion source bombards the workpiece surface, causing a physical sputtering action and removing the soft-brittle optical element material in the process. Magnetorheological finishing method This method uses magnetic energy to polish rough surfaces. The optical manufacturing industry uses Magnetorheological finishing ultra-precision technology. It is used on optical elements with complicated geometries because it effectively polishes them to a high gloss without causing any harm to the surface or subsurface. It's critical to understand that Ultra precision machining is not a new-fangled experimental technology. It's no longer something done in a lab by a group of scientists. Ultra-precision machining is a practical process and is employed in many manufacturing industries today.