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Prospecting For Gold in Indiana Association for Healthcare Quality 27th Annual Education Conference

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Prospecting For Gold in Indiana Association for Healthcare Quality 27th Annual Education Conference

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    1. Prospecting For Gold in Indiana Association for Healthcare Quality 27th Annual Education Conference

    2. Using Excel To Display Performance Improvement Data Presented on Friday, April 28, 2006 By Carolyn Townsend, RNC, MSN Performance Improvement Internal Consultant Clarian Health Partners

    3. Performance Improvement Is: Making sure that changing the way you do things actually leads to better outcomes. Better outcomes include Improved patient health Greater satisfaction for employees Time savings Reduced costs.

    4. “You can’t change what you can’t measure” A Banker

    5. Questions to Ask What is the process that you are measuring? What do you plan to do with your data? Who is your target audience?

    6. Clearly Defined Boundaries For The Processes Being Measured

    7. Find Mean or Median

    8. Common Types Of Charts Used To Display PI Data

    9. Bar Charts Simplest form of chart. Used to show numbers, proportions and ratios. Frequently used in healthcare. In Excel, available in bars or columns.

    10. Types of Bar Charts Stacked column bar charts Grouped 3-D bar charts

    11. Pie Charts Useful in making comparisons of proportions. Proves an overview. Difficult to read individual values, particularly where there are several categories.

    12. Pie Chart

    13. Line Charts Used to compare two variables and show the relationship that exists between them. Independent variable is plotted on the x-axis and the variable that is dependent on the x on the y-axis.

    14. Run Chart A line graph display of data over time. Data kept in time order. Helps answer questions: How much variation do we have? Is process changing significantly over time? Has our change resulted in an improvement? Did I hold the improvement?

    15. Example Of A Run Chart

    16. How Do We Tell If A Change Is An Improvement Run charts speak for themselves Analyze with probability based rules for evidence of statistically significant change Improvement or degradation Murray, Sandra k. Using Data for Improvement: The Toolkit.

    17. Rule 1 Six consecutive points either all above or all below the median. Skip values on the median and continue counting points. Values on the median do not make or break a shift. Murray, Sandra k. Using Data for Improvement: The Toolkit.

    18. Rule 2 Five points all going up or all going down. If the value of two or more successive points, is the same, ignore one of the points when counting. Like values do not make or break a trend. Murray, Sandra k. Using Data for Improvement: The Toolkit.

    19. Example Of A Run Chart With Annotations

    20. Data Displayed as Run Chart

    21. Same Chart with Labels

    22. Adding More Data To Existing Chart Open chart, right click and select “source data.” Click in the Data range box, and then select the data on your worksheet that you want to add. When you finish, you can click the button again to display the entire dialog box.

    23. Adding More Data To Existing Chart After selecting the desired data to add, click “OK.”

    24. Chart With Mean Line

    25. Add Trend Line Right click on the data series that you wish to trend. Select Add Trendline.

    26. Data With Trendline

    27. Combination Plots: Two Axis Charts Used to demonstrate a change in two variables, each with different units of measurement, on the same graph. This plot has two y-axis; different units and scales can be used on each axis and the data may be presented as a combination of a bar chart and line plot, or as two lines.

    28. Set Up Spreadsheet

    29. Developing Two Axis Charts Set up spreadsheet. Select indicators to be charted. Click on chart symbol. Select “Custom Types,” then “Lines on 2 axis.” Click “Next” Click “series” tab, and name the series. Follow remaining Chart Option Steps.

    31. Dashboards and Report Cards

    32. Spider Diagram: Advantages Allows multiple unrelated indicators to be displayed on one page. Allows each indicator’s relationship to goal to be immediately seen. Data sets can represent different time periods. Good for high level audiences, such as board of directors, etc.

    33. Similar Tools Spider Diagram or Star Plots Radar Diagram Balanced Scoreboards Instrument panels

    34. Advantages Clearly displays results from various areas of an organization is a concise and simple format. Allows focus on areas that need immediate attention or to monitor other key performance measurements.

    35. To Construct Spider Diagram Can use Microsoft Excel to construct dashboard. Establish indicators. Establish goal for each indicator. Goal is referenced to 1. Relate actual indicator results to the goal.

    36. Set Up Excel Database

    37. Add Goal For Each Indicator

    38. Add Actual Results & Reference to 1

    39. Creating A Dashboard Select the categories you wish to include in the chart. In our example of Diabetes indicators, we will include the following columns: Indicators, Reference (or goal) & Hospital A.

    40. Creating a Spider Diagram Click on “Insert chart,” and finally “radar.” There will be three options from which to select the one you prefer. You will be able to preview your chart at this time. Select “next.” You will now be able to label your data points. Click “next” to add title, etc.

    41. Creating a Spider Diagram During step 4, you will determine if you want your chart to be part of your table, or as a separate sheet. Select finish, and your chart will be displayed. You can insert WordArt or text box for categories, add logos, graphics, etc.

    42. Completed Spider Diagram of Diabetes Indicators

    43. A More Colorful Look For The Same Data

    44. Dashboard with Actual, Target and World Class Comparisons

    45. An Example of a Board Level Dashboard

    46. Excel Spreadsheet

    47. One View of a Spider or Radar Diagram

    48. Use Of The Dashboard This Dashboard was designed to be presented to the Board of Trustees on a quarterly basis. It can be modified to report almost any information that you wish to display.

    49. Report Card

    50. QUALITY PROJECTS SYMBOL DEFINITIONS                

    51. QUALITY PROJECTS SYMBOL DEFINITIONS

    52. Graphed Report Card

    53. Presenting Data Add labels, text boxes, photos, logos, etc. Copy and paste chart from Excel into PowerPoint. May need to resize, edit background colors, etc. by right clicking on the table and selecting “Format Object.” Can cut the title from the chart and paste on the slide title space holder in PP.

    54. Posters From PowerPoint Choose blank slide from list of slide formats. Using “File”, Page Setup format the poster. You may need to use the custom size option if dimensions are not standard. Text is added using textbox function and photographs and clipart or graphs & tables can be added in the same way as a slide presentation. After pages print, will need to paste or tape them together or on poster board. Additional information on posters is located in the Appendix Section.

    55. Tips For Becoming More Comfortable With Using Excel To Display PI Data Take a class. Use the “Help” feature in Excel. “Google” the tools you are interested in learning more about. Invest in easy to use resources Ask others for help. Don’t be afraid to experiment. Remember “Undo is your friend.”

    56. Blanton Godfrey, chairman and CEO of Juran Institute, Inc. 1997 “Measurements add no real value to a company. To create value, you must use these measurements to take action and make appropriate changes.”

    57. Resources Brassard, M. (1989). The Memory Jogger Plus: Featuring the Seven Management and Planning Tools. Goal/QPC, Methuen, MA. Brown, Janet (2002). The Healthcare Quality Handbook. J.B. Quality solutions, Inc. Pasadena, CA.

    58. Resources Executive Learning (2003). Handbook for Improvement: a reference Guide for Tools & Concepts. Healthcare Management Directions, Inc. Institute for Healthcare Improvement: www.ihi.org. Murray, S.K. (1999). A Dash Through The Data! Using Data for Improvement. National Association for Healthcare Quality, (www.ncqa.org).

    59. Resources Murray, S.K (2005). Using Data for Improvement: The Toolkit. National Association for Healthcare Quality, (www.ncqa.org). QI Macros for Excel Software (2005). LifeStar. (www.qimacros.com). Scholtes, P.R., Joiner, B.L., and Streibel, B.J. (2003). The Team Handbook: 3rd Edition. Oriel Incorporated, Madison, WI. Willis, J. (2004). Data Analysis and Presentation Skills: An Introduction for the Life and Medical Sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, West Sussex, England.

    60. Questions? Thank You!!!

    61. Appendix

    62. Statistical Terms Mode: Category observed most frequently. Mean: Average Median: Middle value of the sample. Less sensitive to extremes. Range: Difference between the maximum and minimum values.

    63. Standard Deviation & Variance Indicate how closely packed around the mean the values in a variable are. SD is the most commonly used measure of variability. It uses the mean of the distribution as a reference point and measures variability by considering the distance between each score and the mean. Are the scores clustered together or scattered? See Appendix for information on how to view descriptive statistics in Excel.

    64. To Load & View Descriptive Statistics in Excel From the tools menu, select “Data Analysis.” If the Data Analysis option does not appear at the bottom of the Tools menu, then you will need to load this function from your network or from the Microsoft Office CD. From the Tools drop down menu, select “Add-Ins” and from the list provided check the box “Analysis ToolPak.” After you have selected OK, the ToolPak should be loaded and you should find Data Analysis under the Tools menu when this is reselected.

    65. View Descriptive Statistics Choose Descriptive Statistics from the list provided. A dialogue box should then appear in which you input the range of cells for the data arranged on the worksheet. Include the labels in the selection and then check the box “Labels” to show that these are included.

    66. View Descriptive Statistics If your data are in rows rather than in columns then also ensure that you change the option in the dialogue box. Check the Summary Statistics to indicate that you want these displayed and then having chosen where on the worksheet the results should appear, click OK. Your workbook will be updated with a table of summary statistics..

    67. View Descriptive Statistics

    68. Summary Statistics Table

    69. Key Points for Posters:  ·        Design your poster roughly on paper before you start using PowerPoint. ·        Keep your design as simple and uncomplicated as possible. Using headings will help. ·        Simplify text, using bullet points where possible to emphasize key points. ·        Use a readable font that may be seen easily from a distance. ·        Think carefully about the color scheme to be used, avoiding pale indistinctive colors for text. ·        Use photographs and clip art to interest and engage your audience.

    70. Sample Poster: Next Slide

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