Contingency Approach to Quality

1. Contingency Approach to Quality Operation Management 380 Quality Management By Vanessa Tanner

2. Overview Definition • Quality • Contingency approach Structural Approach • 5 phases • 7 S model Real Life Scenario Y2K exercise Summary Work Citing

3. Definition • Contingency Approachpresupposed that there is no theory or method for operating a business that can be applied to all corporation or to all instances. • Different perceptions concerning the definition of quality • Purse different paths and strategies to achieve customer service • Depends on the environment in which the company operates

4. Definition of Quality: Transcendent Product-based User-based Manufacturing-based Value-based Different Perspectives

5. A contingency approach model of quality • There is no supreme way to standardize • These factors are called contingency factors : • Exterior : environment, • Interior : production size, technology, etc • The organization has to become accustom to external and internal factors

6. Purse Different Paths • Phase 1 : • Determine the Factors • Phase 2 • Purse different strategies • Phase 3 • Document • Phase 4 • Implement change • Phase 5 • Maintenance

7. Phase 1 Determine Factors • Determine the • Contingency factors • Situational factors

8. 7 S MODEL

9. Organizational Factors • Staff • Style • Skills • Shared Value • Structure, Shared systems

10. Phase2 Purse Different Strategies • Are plans realized • Determine a Tactic • Top down increment • Full bottom-up strategy

11. Phase 3 Document • Document the implementation • Content • scope

12. Phase 4 Implement Change • Managing progression • Encourage change • Create a mission statement

13. Phase 5 Maintenance • Developing support • Making the transition • Implement resources

14. Contingency • Contingency in the model will show a relationship between two or more variables • Chi-squared test (test static) Chi square -

15. Data – Automotive

16. Chi Square Calculation ((O - E)2/E) Total = 14.026 Degree's of freedom df = (r-1)(c-1) Total = 8 For significant chi greater than 15.51 The distribution is not significant. Formula - Calculations

17. Exercise – Chi Square

18. Analysis Data • Total • Assembler – 77 • Supplier – 74 • Total 151 • Degree of freedom = 1 • Chi-square = 24.59517 • P less than or equal to 0.01 • The distribution is significant

19. Real World Scenario • Disaster recovery plan – The Gartner Group • Operational risk • Security risk • Lack of capacity • Application factor

20. Exercise • Y2K • Steps to ensure that you are not left “holding the bag” • 1. List every business process in the department • 2. List the tasks for every business • 3. Prioritize • 4. Assume that the system fails write a contingency plan for the course of action that you will accomplish to regain your quality in your system

21. Test your Contingency plan • Staff Review • Department review • Failures in System

22. Summary • There is no single universally acceptable method which is suitable in all circumstances • No single implementation • No universal system

23. Summary • Document of the implementation • Continuous reengineering of the contingency approach

24. References • Mintzburg, H, The Structuring of Organization • Foster, Thomas S. Managing Quality an integrative approach . Prentice Hall. 2001 • Hosapkins, Will G A new view of Statistics www.sportsc.org • Baughn, Bigelow Introduction to Leadership Person Custom Publishing 2001

25. References • Dennis, Haley, Tegarden System Analysis and Design John Wiley and Son Inc 2001 • Peters, Waterman In search of excellence New York 1982