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Factual Conditionals

Factual Conditionals. Ron Cowan, Ph.D. PP slides: Yuri Vedrashko November 2006. If the gas is heated , it expend s . If she play s bridge with him, they always lose big. If she want s to go skiing, that’ s what they do. If Jim doesn’t find his passport, he may be deported.

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Factual Conditionals

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  1. Factual Conditionals Ron Cowan, Ph.D. PP slides:Yuri Vedrashko November 2006

  2. If the gas is heated, it expends. • If she plays bridge with him, they always lose big. • If she wants to go skiing, that’s what they do. • If Jim doesn’t find his passport, he may be deported. • If he’s vacationing in Florida now, he’s probably getting a great tan. • It must be Bill if that call is for me. • If he has an IQ of 182, then I’m another Einstein! • If anyone has a clue here, it must be Jane.

  3. General types Factual conditionals express a fact and can be Timeless Time-bound

  4. Factual conditionals Can be further broken down into A Timeless • Generic • Habitual B Time-bound • Implicit inference • Explicit inference

  5. Factual conditionals A Timeless • Generic

  6. Factual / timeless / generic • If the gas is heated, it expends. • If the temperature is below “0”, the water freezes. • If the water is heated, it evaporates. Meaning:a fact that holds for all time, such as a scientific truth Form:The main verb is in Present tense in both clauses

  7. Factual conditionals A Timeless • Generic • Habitual

  8. Factual / timeless / habitual • If she plays bridge with him, they always lose big. • If she wanted to go skiing, that’s what they did. • Whenever (if) he takes her on a trip, they always get into a fight over where to stay. Meaning:past or present relationships that are usually but not always true. Form:The main verb is in Present or Past tense in both clauses. It also occurs with <whenever>.

  9. Factual conditionals A Timeless • Generic • Habitual B Time-bound • Implicit inference

  10. Factual / time-bound / implicit inference • If we can save the bald eagle from extinction, we can certainly ensure the survival of all endangered species. • If we can eliminate air pollution in Deli, we can do it everywhere. • If you can beat Federer, you can sweep all the rest of them. Meaning:If-clause indicates an event that is bounded in time. The result clause refers to an action or event that can be logically inferred from this. Form:The main verb is in Present tense in both clauses. Modal verbs <may and can> are often used too.

  11. Factual conditionals A Timeless • Generic • Habitual B Time-bound • Implicit inference • Explicit inference

  12. Factual / time-bound / explicit inference • If it’s still snowing out there, my car must be covered. • If that call is for me, it should be Sam. • If the door was locked, then the thief musthave come through the window. • If he has a villa here, he must be rich. Meaning:An explicit inference is made in the result-clause about some time-bound event, action or fact. Form:Modal verbs <must, should>, along with <be… probably, likely>, are often used. Also a wider range of tenses can occur in both clauses.

  13. More onexplicit inference Meaning:Sarcastic statements often take the form of explicit inference conditionals Form:Present tense Examples: • If he has an IQ of 182, then I’m another Einstein! • If this man is guilty, then who is not?

  14. Factual conditionals A Timeless • Generic • Habitual B Time-bound • Implicit inference • Explicit inference

  15. The end of Factual conditionals What would you like to do now? • Back to the Introduction • Future conditionals • Imaginative conditionals

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