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Part 08 Intermolecular Forces of Attraction

Part 08 Intermolecular Forces of Attraction. 1. IMFA Intermolecular forces of attraction are any attraction that exists in BETWEEN two or more molecules. They are NOT bonds. 2. Types of IMFA a. London Dispersion Forces

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Part 08 Intermolecular Forces of Attraction

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  1. Part 08Intermolecular Forces of Attraction

  2. 1. IMFA Intermolecular forces of attraction are any attraction that exists in BETWEEN two or more molecules. They are NOT bonds.

  3. 2. Types of IMFA a. London Dispersion Forces Weak forces of attraction that exist between two or more nonpolar molecules. Rule: The more electrons in the nonpolar molecule, the stronger the London forces.

  4. H H H H H H C C H H LF d- d+ d+ d- When the molecules are close, their electron clouds experience a momentary shift of electrons producing an instantaneous induced dipole.

  5. Example: Diagram the London forces between two fluorine molecules and between two iodine molecules. Indicate which substance has the greater London forces.

  6. F F I I F F I I d+ d+ d- d- London Forces London Forces d- d+ d- d+ F2 18 electrons I2 126 electrons Greater LF

  7. b. Dipole-Dipole Attractions Stronger forces of attraction that exist between two or more polar molecules. Rule: The more polar the molecule, the stronger the dipole-dipole attractions.

  8. Example: Diagram the London forces between two hydrogen chloride molecules and between two hydrogen bromide molecules. Indicate which substance has the greater dipole-dipole attractions.

  9. d+ d+ d- d- d+ d- H Br d+ d- H Cl Cl Br H H d- d+ d- d+ DPDP DPDP d- d+ d+ d- DEN = 0.7 DEN = 1.4 More Polar Stronger DPDP

  10. c. Hydrogen Bonding Very strong force of attraction between a hydrogen bonded to a fluorine, oxygen or nitrogen in one molecule for a fluorine, oxygen or nitrogen bonded to a hydrogen in another molecule.

  11. d+ d- F H d- d+ Hydrogen Bonding Hydrogen has FON in BOTH molecules. HB d+ d- H F d+ d- DEN = 1.9 VERY Polar Bonds

  12. d+ d+ H H HB d- d+ O H O H d+ d- d- d- DEN = 1.4 Polar Bonds Hydrogen Bonding Hydrogen has FON in BOTH molecules.

  13. d- Hydrogen Bonding Hydrogen has FON in BOTH molecules. N d- HB d+ H d- H N H d- d+ d+ H H DEN = 0.9 Polar Bonds H d+

  14. Br Br p. 78 1. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  15. H S H 2. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  16. H P H H 3. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  17. H Ge H H H 4. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  18. d- Cl S Cl d- d+ d+ 5. Polar Molecule Dipole-Dipole

  19. Se Se C Page 82 Nonpolar Molecule London Forces 1.

  20. Cl Cl d- d+ As Cl Cl Cl 2. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  21. I d- d+ B I I 3. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  22. d- d+ O N d+ d- 4. Polar Molecule Dipole-Dipole

  23. F F Rn d- d+ 5. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  24. Br F d- d+ d+ d- p. 86 1. Polar Molecule Dipole-Dipole

  25. Br d- d+ B Br Br 2. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  26. Cl d- d+ Ge Cl Cl Cl 3. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  27. Br Br d- As d+ Br Br Br 4. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  28. F d- F F d+ S F F F 5. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

  29. Se P Se 6. Nonpolar Molecule London Forces

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