1 / 26

Physical Science Goal 5

Physical Science Goal 5. Structure and Properties of Matter. 3 Parts of the Atom:. Each energy level can hold a specific # of electrons:. John Dalton: early 1800’s. JJ Thomson--1897. Plum Pudding Model. But the atom is Neutral!!!!. Thomson discovered the electron !!!.

jana
Download Presentation

Physical Science Goal 5

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Physical Science Goal 5 Structure and Properties of Matter

  2. 3 Parts of the Atom:

  3. Each energy level can hold a specific # of electrons:

  4. John Dalton: early 1800’s

  5. JJ Thomson--1897 Plum Pudding Model But the atom is Neutral!!!! Thomson discovered the electron!!!

  6. Ernest Rutherford--1908 Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment Rutherford discovered the nucleus!!!

  7. Notice 2 things: • Atom is made up of mostly empty space. • Electrons are scattered randomly! Rutherford’s Atomic Model

  8. Nucleus Electrons Neils Bohr--1913

  9. Bohr Model of the Atom • The Bohr Model has the following features: • There is a nucleus(Rutherford’s Discovery) • The electrons move about the nucleus in “stationary, stable states”(later referred to as orbits)!

  10. Democritus/Dalton

  11. Atomic Number Chemical Symbol Element Average Atomic Mass

  12. Atomic # • # of protons in an atom • In a neutral Atom, # of protons=# of electrons • *Atomic # of a given element will never change, therefore, the # of protons of an element will never change.

  13. Mass Number • Sum of the protons and neutrons • Closest whole # to the Avg. Atomic Mass(from periodic table) • EX) Oxygen Avg. Atomic Mass = 15.999 • Therefore, Mass # = 16

  14. Average Atomic Mass • Mass of atom in Atomic Mass Units • Given on periodic table as average mass of all isotopes of that element. • The number of neutrons sometimes varies!!! • Atomic Mass Unit—defined as 1/12 the mass of a Carbon-12 atom

  15. Isotopes • Atoms of the same element with the same # of protons, but different # of neutrons.

  16. 2 ways of writing Isotopes Each of these represents Carbon The top # represents the mass # The bottom # represents the Atomic # H-1 H-2 H-3 • Each of these represents Hydrogen • The number represents the mass #

  17. Isotopes of Carbon

  18. Ions A “charged” atom. • Atoms become charged by gaining or losing electrons. • 2 Types of Ions: + ions Atoms become (+) by losing electrons 2. - ions Atoms become (-) by gaining electrons

  19. Using the Periodic Table to determine the # protons, # electrons, and # of neutrons: • Determine the Atomic # and Mass # • Atomic # = # protons • # protons = # electrons • Mass # = # neutrons + # protons

  20. Atomic # Atomic Mass # p = 27 # e = 27 # n = 32 M # = # p + # n 59 = 27 + #n A # = 27 M # = 59

  21. DT Boiling Pt. Gas DPhase DT Liquid Melting Pt. DPhase DT Solid

More Related