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Flammability Reduction Methods: Compliance Options

Federal Aviation Administration. Flammability Reduction Methods: Compliance Options. AAR-440 Fire Safety Branch Wm. J. Hughes Technical Center Federal Aviation Administration. Reticulated Foam. Advantages:. 100% protection Passive System No model – no need for flight testing.

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Flammability Reduction Methods: Compliance Options

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  1. Federal Aviation Administration Flammability Reduction Methods: Compliance Options AAR-440 Fire Safety BranchWm. J. Hughes Technical CenterFederal Aviation Administration

  2. Reticulated Foam Advantages: • 100% protection • Passive System • No model – no need for flight testing Disadvantages: • Weight • Fuel displacement • Interference with maintenance • Haz. Mat. When out of tank Certification issues: • Foam pedigree • Voiding • Durability • Interference in tank

  3. Inerting with Stored CO2 Advantages: • ? Disadvantages: • Must be stored on aircraft Certification issues: • Needed O2 concentration not known • Fuel solubility • Effect on pumps

  4. Inerting with Exhaust Gas Advantages: • Already produced on aircraft Disadvantages: • How to obtain Certification issues: • Needed O2 concentration unknown • Contaminants unknown

  5. Catalytic Inerting Advantages: • Possible weight • Less power from aircraft • environmental Disadvantages: • ? Certification issues: • Needed O2 concentration not known • Fuel solubility • Effect on pumps

  6. Rapid Ventilation Advantages: • Cost • Weight Disadvantages: • Loss of fuel • Environmental • Need for in-tank monitoring Certification issues: • Tank flammability verification

  7. Misting Fuel Vapor Advantages: • Possible weight savings • Possible lower cost Disadvantages: • Loss of fuel • Environmental • Safety issues Certification issues: • Post crash implications • Failure modes • In-tank hydrocarbon measurements

  8. Nitrogen Inerting • Cryogenic Nitrogen • High Pressure Stored Nitrogen • Ground Based Nitrogen • Two Flow Nitrogen • Full Time On Demand Nitrogen

  9. Cryogenic Nitrogen Stored: Too heavy Manufactured: Developing technology

  10. High Pressure Stored Nitrogen Too Heavy

  11. Ground Based Nitrogen • Logistics • Manpower

  12. Present system of Choice Two Flow Nitrogen

  13. Full Time On Demand Nitrogen • Advantages: • Less power from aircraft • Environmental Disadvantages: • Weight • Vent valve

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