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“ Measuring Emotion: Behavior, Feeling, and Physiology ” By: Margaret M Bradley & Peter J. Lang

“ Measuring Emotion: Behavior, Feeling, and Physiology ” By: Margaret M Bradley & Peter J. Lang. Group 3-Youngjin Kang, Alyssa Nolde , Antoinette Sellers, Zhiheng Zhou. Why do the authors focus on specific muscles? Why do they matter?.

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“ Measuring Emotion: Behavior, Feeling, and Physiology ” By: Margaret M Bradley & Peter J. Lang

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  1. “Measuring Emotion: Behavior, Feeling, and Physiology”By: Margaret M Bradley & Peter J. Lang Group 3-Youngjin Kang, Alyssa Nolde, Antoinette Sellers, Zhiheng Zhou

  2. Why do the authors focus on specific muscles? Why do they matter? • Responses of facial muscles help to characterize how emotions are expresses physiologically. • Studying specific muscles like the zygomatic muscle provides information to researchers about how physiological responses accompany perceptions of arousal and affect of stimuli

  3. Figure 11.6 • Patterns of physiological response • Shows that: • Facial corrugator EMG activity (top) left) and heart rate (top right) vary as function of picture valence • Ex. Strong contraction of the corrugator muscle when a picture is rated as unpleasant • Skin conductance activity (bottom left) and cortical evoked potentials (bottom right) vary with picture arousal • Ex. As arousal increased, skin conductance increased

  4. Figure 11.7 • Figure 11.7 shows the correlation between individula’s affective judgments of pleasure and arousal with with their physiological and behavioral response • Corrugator EMG, zygomatic, and heart rate vary with differences in rates pleasure • Ex. Zygomatic activity increases as the pleasantness of the stimuli increases • Skin conductance, cortical evoked potentials, and viewing time vary with arousal ratings • Cortical activity increases as arousal increases

  5. What does heart rate measure? • Triphasic pattern of heart rate response • Initial deceleration (unpleasant) • Followed acceleration (unpleasant) • Secondary deceleration Electrocardiogram Heart rate monitor

  6. What does skin conductance measure? • Skin conductance, also known as galvanic skin response (GSR), reflects activation of the autonomic nervous system by measuring the electrodermal activity • Indexation of arousal

  7. Event related potentials and slow wave activity?

  8. Brain Activities Processing Emotional Pictures Coronal Plane of Occipital Lobe • Overlapping areas  General visual processing (Calcarine fissure + Brodmann ‘s area 18) (Lang, et al., 1998). • Emotional Stimuli 1. More overall activation with emotional pictures. 2. Right occipital gyrus activation with only emotional pictures (Lang, et al., 1998). • Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., Fitzsimmons, J. R., Cuthbert, B. N., Scott, J. D., Moulder, B., & Nangia, V. (1998). Emotional arousal and activation of the visual cortex: An fMRI analysis. Psychophysiology, 35(2), 199-210.

  9. Discuss how these measures can yield meaningful patterns and examples of analyses leading to them.Sex Differences of Brain activity with Emotional Pictures • Main Effect • More right posterior activation with emotional pictures regardless of sex (Lang, et al., 1998). • Interaction Effect • 1. More right posterior activationof unpleasant stimuli for female participant's. • 2. More right posterior activationof pleasant stimuli for male participants (Lang., et al., 1998). Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., Fitzsimmons, J. R., Cuthbert, B. N., Scott, J. D., Moulder, B., & Nangia, V. (1998). Emotional arousal and activation of the visual cortex: An fMRI analysis. Psychophysiology, 35(2), 199-210.

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