1 / 7

Disaccharides

Disaccharides: two monosaccharides can form a disaccharide with a glycosidic bond. The glycosidic bond can be alpha or beta with respect to the anomeric carbon. Disaccharides. Sucrose: Table sugar/sugar. Formed from glucose and fructose. Common Disaccharides.

jela
Download Presentation

Disaccharides

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Disaccharides: two monosaccharides can form a disaccharide with a glycosidic bond. The glycosidic bond can be alpha or beta with respect to the anomeric carbon. Disaccharides

  2. Sucrose: Table sugar/sugar. Formed from glucose and fructose. Common Disaccharides

  3. Maltose: Produced during digestion of starch and ultimately hydrolyzed (broken apart by water) into glucose to be used by the body; produced by malt in the manufacture of beer. Formed from Common Disaccharides

  4. Lactose: Major carbohydrate of mammalian milk; an individual who is lactose intolerant is deficient in the enzyme necessary to hydrolyze the beta-1,4-glycosidic linkage in lactose. Common Disaccharides

  5. Polysaccharides Polysaccharides: Polymers of monosaccharides connected by glycosidic linkages. • Cellulose: Consists of numerous beta-D-Glucose monomers connected by beta-1,4-linkages.

  6. Polysaccharides Continued… • Starch: Consists of numerous alpha-1,4 glycosidic links. Consists of amylose (20%) and amylopectin (80%). Plants use starch for carbohydrate storage. They can break starch down into glucose monomers for energy. • Amylose: consists of hundreds to about a thousand alpha-D-glucose monomers linked by alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds. The straight chain forms a coil. (Figure A below) • Amylopectin: Has thousands of the glucose monomers connected by alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds and has branching glucoses approximately every 25 units along the chain. (Figures B and C below) • Glycogen: Structure is the same as amylopectin, but with more frequent banching (every 8-12 glucose units is branched). Serves as the source of carbohydrate energy storage in animals. (Figures B and C below) A B C

  7. Problems 1. Which of the following are anomers: • D-glucose and L-glucose • Alpha-D-glucose and beta-D-glucose • D-glucose and D-galactose • Sucrose and maltose • Which of the following is a polysaccharide made up of D-glucose units with beta-1,4 glycosidic linkages? • Glucose • Maltose • Cellulose • Glycogen

More Related