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Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 43 Topic: 12.2 General and Special Senses

12.2 General and Special Senses. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules. Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 43 Topic: 12.2 General and Special Senses Essential Question:. What is the major difference between General and Special Senses?.

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Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 43 Topic: 12.2 General and Special Senses

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  1. 12.2 General and Special Senses 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 43 Topic: 12.2 General and Special Senses Essential Question: What is the major difference between General and Special Senses? What is the major difference between General and Special Senses?

  2. Intro questions (x2) 1. General senses: Special senses: P. 42 Sensation v. perception Video Notes (x10) NEED 10 LINES Optical Illusions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. NEED 5 LINES

  3. Top Pg. 42 Intro. Questions • Name your 5 senses. • Hypothesize which of the 5 senses belong in each category: General senses- Special senses-

  4. All senses work basically the same way: • Sensory receptors stimulate neurons to send impulses along sensory fibers to the brain • There the cerebral cortex forms a “perception”

  5. General Senses • General Senses are those with receptors that are widelydistributed throughout the body • Ex: Skin, muscles, and joints, viscera (organs and cavities of body) • TOUCH!!!!

  6. General Senses • General Senses can be divided into three groups: • Exteroceptive senses – senses associated with changes at the body surface • Ex: touch, pressure, temperature, pain • Visceroceptive senses – senses associated with changes in viscera (internal organs) • Ex: blood pressure stretching blood vessels, ingesting a meal • Proprioceptive senses – senses associated with changes in muscles and tendons and in body position

  7. Hypothesize which of the 5 sensory receptors goes with each type of general sense? -verbal • Touch/Pressure • Mechanoreceptors • Temperature • Thermoreceptors • Pain • Nociceptors

  8. Special Senses • Special Senseshave more specialized receptors whose receptors are located in the complex sensory organs of the head • SMELL/ TASTE/ HEARING/ VISION!!!! Based on their location, hypothesize which senses are “special senses”

  9. Hypothesize which type of receptor goes with each type of special sense? • Smell • Chemoreceptors-olfactory receptors • Taste • Chemoreceptors- taste cells aka gustatory cells-located in taste buds • Hearing • Mechanoreceptors- hair cells • Vision • Photoreceptors- rods and cones

  10. In your own words… Top-Middle pg. 42 In your own words explain what you think the difference is between: Sensation and Perception.

  11. Sensation • Sensation is the raw form in which the sensory receptors send information to the brain • Gathered using the senses • Sound, visual image, odor, taste, pain, etc. • Sensation depends on which region of the cerebral cortex receives the impulse (i.e. one region is always interpreted as sound) A pleasant sound Small black lines A soft touch

  12. Sensations • Projection: While a sensation forms, the brain interprets it to seem to come from the receptors being stimulated. • Allows us to pinpoint the region of stimulation • Ex: We identify the eye as the region of stimulation when we see an object • Perceive that the eyes see an apple

  13. Perception • Perceptionoccurs when the brain interprets the sensory impulses. It is aperson’s view of the stimulus. • Help us make sense of our surroundings • The brain organizes the information and translates/interprets it into something meaningfulthrough memories or emotion Pleasant sound= Classical music Small black lines=Letters on an eye chart A soft touch= a hand

  14. Perception

  15. Pathways From Sensation to Perception (Example of an Apple)

  16. Disorder: Prosopagnosia Prosopagnosia: aka “facial blindness” • Prosopon- face • Agnosia- not knowing • A disorder where the ability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own face is impaired, while other aspects of visual processing and intellectual functioning remain intact.  • No problem with sensation, but a problem with PERCEPTION

  17. Sensory Adaptation What does it mean to “adapt” to something?

  18. Sensory Adaptation • Sensory adaptation is the ability to ignore unimportant stimuli or “get used” to it • Otherwise you would be overwhelmed by unimportant information • Involves a decreased response to a particular stimulus from the receptors • Sensory impulses become less frequent and may cease • Stronger stimulus is required to trigger impulses

  19. Ex: you are probably unaware of the pressure of your clothing on your skin until it is brought to your attention

  20. Crash Course: Sensation & Perception10m45s Middle pg. 42 • 10 bullets • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=unWnZvXJH2o

  21. Let’s take a look at how your brain “perceives” these optical illusions. Write down the first picture you see. Bottom of pg. 42

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  27. Pushing the Limits: Sensation (8m 11s)

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