1 / 46

Rome

Rome. The Geography of Rome. Geography. Livy “Early History of Rome”

Download Presentation

Rome

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Rome

  2. The Geography of Rome

  3. Geography • Livy “Early History of Rome” • “Not without reason did gods and men choose this spot for the site of our city- the hills, the river to bring us produce from the inland regions and sea-borne commerce from abroad, the sea itself, near enough for convenience yet not so near as to bring danger from foreign fleets, our situation in the very heart of Italy- all of these advantages make it of all places in the world the best for a city destined to grow great.” Why was Rome’s geography so important?

  4. The History of Ancient Italy

  5. First Settlers • Latins (9th-8th Century B.C.E.) • 1st around Rome • Palatine Hill • Greeks (750-600 B.C.E.) • Colonize southern Italy and Sicily • Greek cultural influence • Etruscans • Native to central and northern Italy • Current day Tuscany • Influence? Article?

  6. Greek Influences Roots of Roman Values Etruscans Influences

  7. Influence of the Etruscans • Writing • Religion • The Arch

  8. The Mythical Founding of Rome:Romulus & Remus

  9. Italy in 750 BCE

  10. The Roman Republic: 509 BCE - 27 BCE

  11. Republican Government 2 Consuls (Rulers of Rome) Senate (Representative body for patricians) Tribal Assembly (Representative body for plebeians)

  12. The Twelve Tables, 450 BCE • Providing political and socialrights for the plebeians.

  13. Punic Wars • Start of Imperial Expansion • First Punic War (264-241 B.C.E) • Started over who controlled Sicily • Ended 20 years later with surrender of important colonies of Sicily and Sardinia to Rome • During truce Carthage built up its forces and invaded Italy • Second Punic War (218-202 B.C.E) • Carthaginian forces led by Hannibal • 15 years of destroying Italy • Rome wins • Carthage gives up holdings in Africa and Spain • Determined Roman control and civilization would take over Mediterranean world

  14. Hannibal • Carthage (Northern Africa) • First settled by Phoenicians • Will fall to Rome • Raised by his father to hate Rome • Takes over military • Tightened Carthage’s control of Spain • Attacks Saguntum in Spain

  15. Carthaginian Empire

  16. Hannibal’s Route

  17. Territorial Problems facing the Roman Republic • Results of the Punic Wars • Territory too big for the Republic to control

  18. Economic Problems • Increasing gap between the rich and the poor • Rich landowners vs. slaves (1/3 population) • Small farmers (proletariat) • Can’t compete = Sell farms • Result: homeless, jobless • Urban poor grows (1/4 of population)

  19. Deaths lead to Civil War • Power-hungry generals • Soldiers for hire vs. citizens • “Rape of the Sabine Women” • Page 122

  20. The Roman Forum

  21. Rome’s Early Road System

  22. Roman Roads: The Appian Way

  23. Roman Aqueducts

  24. The Roman Colosseum

  25. The Colosseum Interior

  26. Circus Maximus

  27. Reform Leaders • Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus • the poor should be given grain and small plots of free land. Military Reformer • Gaius Marius • recruited an army from the poorand homeless. • professional standing army.

  28. The First Triumvirate • Julius Caesar • (general) • Marcus Licinius Crassus (rich man) • Gaius Magnus Pompey (general)

  29. The Rise of Julius Caesar (100 – 44 B.C.) • 59 B.C. Caesar elected Consul • 58 – 50 B.C. Julius Caesar conquers Gaul • Pompey and Senate fear Julius Caesar’s popularity & orders Caesar’s army to disband and return home • 49 B.C. Julius Caesar marches on Rome & defeats Pompey’s troops • Returns home in 46 B.C. and named “dictator for life” in 44 B.C.

  30. Julius Caesar’s Reforms • Granted Roman citizenship to many provincials • Expanded the Senate • Created jobs for the poor • Constructed public buildings • Started colonies for people without land to own property • Increased pay for soldiers

  31. The Fate of Julius Caesar • The powerful feared Caesar’s growing power & popularity • March 15, 44 BCE Caesar assassinated by senators • Only surviving relative was adopted son Octavian Caesar

  32. Beware the Ides of March!44 BCE

  33. The Second Triumvirate • Octavian Augustus • Marc Antony • Marcus Lepidus

  34. Second Triumvirate • Divided empire • Antony (general) - East and Egypt • Octavian (Caesar’s grandnephew/ adopted son) - Italy and West • Lepidus (politician) – Africa • Octavian encourages Antony to declare war on him and won at the battle of Actium = Start of Roman Empire!!

  35. The Roman Empire: 27 BCE - 476 CE

  36. Octavian Augustus:Rome’s First Emperor

  37. The First Roman Dynasty

  38. The Rise of Augustus Caesar (63 B.C. – A.D. 14) • Octavian • Forces Lepidus to retire • Defeated Mark Antony & Cleopatra in Egypt in 31 B.C. • Becomes Augustus “exalted one” • Master of Roman Worlds (Article and Discuss Packet from Class)

  39. The Augustan Age • Sheet from book and Discuss

  40. Pax Romana: 27 BCE – 180 CE

  41. PaxRomana • Roman Peace • 31 BCE- 180 CE • Greatest Achievement of Augustus • Syria to Spain, Bristol to Belgrade • Unified, peaceful, one ruler, common law • Literature and Arts Flourished • Trade • Sam Laws

  42. Roman Culture • Borrowed heavily from Greeks • Had own native culture • Law • Administration • Practical matters: engineering, sanitation, finance, system of justice • Arts • Latin Language • Literature • Architecture

  43. The Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire – 14 CE

  44. The Legacy of Rome • Republic Government • Roman Law • Latin Language • Roman Catholic Church • City Planning • Romanesque Architectural Style • Roman Engineering • Aqueducts • Sewage systems • Dams • Cement • Arch

More Related