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Unit 8 Globalization

世纪商务英语综合教程 III. 返回. Unit 8 Globalization. http://www.dutpgz.cn. Marketing. Today’s business environment is characterized with the increasing connectivity of economies and ways of life

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Unit 8 Globalization

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  1. 世纪商务英语综合教程 III 返回 www.themegallery.com Unit 8Globalization http://www.dutpgz.cn

  2. Marketing Today’s business environment is characterized with the increasing connectivity of economies and ways of life across the world, namely, globalization. The term globalization refers to increasing global connectivity, integration and interdependence in the economic, social, technological, cultural, political, and ecological spheres. Trade globalization is the tendency of investments and businesses to move beyond domestic markets to other markets around the globe, thereby increasing the interconnectedness of different markets. Globalization has had the effect of markedly increasing not only international trade, but also cultural exchange. www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  3. 1 1 Lead-in 1 2 Text A 3 Text B 4 Real Life Practice 5 Practical Writing Contents www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  4. Contents Listening Discussion Spot Dictation Lead-in Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  5. Lead-in 1 Listening The speaker is talking about what factors have boosted the rapid development of globalization. Listen to the speech and fill in the missing information. something like two years’ average industrial wages ________________________ ______________________ three weeks’ average industrial wages _______________ ______________________ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  6. Lead-in 1 Listening The speaker is talking about what factors have boosted the rapid development of globalization. Listen to the speech and fill in the missing information. something of the order of $300 ___________________________ _____________________ something like a dollar Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  7. Lead-in 2 Discussion “Globalization” has become a touchy topic in recent years. How much do you know about it? Look at the following pictures and discuss with your partner the impact of globalization. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  8. Lead-in 3 Spot Dictation What are the advantages of refinancing a mortgage or student loan at a lower interest rate? Read the passage and choose the best answer for each question. It is true in lots of industries, large plants can make goods much cheaper than small plants. And in some industries we can see a movement towards 1 . In other words, the minimum size of plant or the most economic size of plant is getting larger and larger. _______________________________ increasing economies of scale Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  9. Lead-in 3 Spot Dictation Another necessary condition for globalization is the increasing homogeneity of 2 . There are an increasing number of consumers in Brazil, who have almost precisely the same set of needs and requirements as consumers in Germany. So consequently, it becomes easier for a producer to try to cater to the needs of both markets, because the 3 have now really diminished to a point where they virtually don’t exist. _________________ consumer tastes ___________________ market differences Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  10. Lead-in 3 Spot Dictation Another explanation for globalization is 4 . Historically, there have been barriers to trade that have been put up by governments. Particularly since the Second World War, inter-government bodies such as the GATT and the World Trade Organization have really encouraged governments to 5 , which means to remove political barriers, so that trade liberalization has been again an important necessary condition for globalization. ____________________________ the behavior of governments __________________ liberalize trade Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  11. Lead-in 3 Spot Dictation The development of 6 is also a strong driving force behind globalization. First of all, by multinational enterprises I mean those firms that 7 in two or more countries. Now those sorts of companies dominate in the more 8 such as automobiles, consumer electronics, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and so on. I see multinationals as one of the main agents through which globalization takes place. They certainly play a major role in the movement of capital world wide. We see that 9 has been growing roughly three times as fast as total investment. Having said that, few firms are really truly global. Most firms still remain firmly rooted in their 10 , although the number of those truly global firms is certainly increasing. ________________________ multinational corporations _______________________________ produce and market their products _________________________ capital intensive industries ________________________ foreign direct investment _____________________ domestic economies Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  12. Text A Reading • Part 1 Comprehension • Part 2 Vocabulary • Part 3 Translation • Part 4 Sumplementary Reading • Part 5 Discussion • Part 3 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  13. Text A Reading Read the passage about the WTO and answer the following questions. 1. What is the general objective of the WTO? 2. How many countries joined the WTO? 3. What is the origin of the WTO? 4. What is the aim of GATT? 5. What is the most-favored nation status? Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  14. Text A Reading New Words and Expressions stability [stE5bIlIti] n. 稳定性 multilateral [7mQltI5lAtErEl] a.多边的 elimination [I7lImI5neIFEn] n. 消除,消灭 tariff [5tArIf] n. 关税 end [end] n. 目标 administer [Ed5mInIstE] v. 管理;执行 forum [5fC:rEm] n. 论坛 universally [7ju:nI5v\:sEli] ad. 普遍地 impose [Im5pEJz] v. (~on) 强加……于…… homogenize [hE5m?dVEnaIz] v. 使一致 subsidy [5sQbsIdi] n. 补贴,津贴 concession [kEn5seFEn] n. 让步 oversee [7EJvE5si:] v. 监视,检查 customs [5kQstEmz] n.海关 transparency [trAns5pArEnsi] n. 透明,透明度 regarding [rI5^B:dIN] prep. 关于 go into effect 生效 provisional [prE5vIVEnEl] a. 临时的 legal [5li:^El] a. 法律的,法定的 draft [drB:ft] v. 起草 in the wake of... 随……之后而来 advocate [5AdvEkIt] n. 提倡者 representation [7reprIzen5teIFEn] n. 代表 privilege [5prIvIlIdV] n. 特权,特别待遇 veto [5vi:tEJ] n. 否决 consensus [kEn5sensEs] n. 一致同意 allow for 允许,使……可以发生 adopt [E5d?pt] v. 采用 critic [5krItIk] n. 评论家 treaty [5tri:ti] n.条约 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  15. Text A Reading World Trade Organization 1Formed in January 1995, the World Trade Organization is an international body aiming to create economic peace and stability in the world through a multilateral system among member states (currently there are slightly more than 140 members) and seeking to promote free trade by opening markets through the elimination of import tariffs. 主句是the World Trade Organization is an international body；formed in...过去分词短语做状语，动词form与主句主语the World Trade Organization是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此form用过去分词形式；aiming...and seeking两个现在分词短语并列做后置定语；括号里的内容起到解释说明的作用。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  16. Text A Reading World Trade Organization To that , the organization trade agreements, monitors international trade policy and acts as a forum for trade negotiations, while striving for four main goals — freeing global trade through universally lowered tariffs, administers end administer vt. to control the operation or arrangement of something; to manage or govern  ●The economy has been badly administered by the present government.  ●Our office administers the affairs of the company. end n. an aim or purpose, or the result you hope to achieve  ●She’ll do anything to achieve her own ends. to that end  ● He wants to cut costs, and to that end is looking at ways of cutting the company’s operations. an end in itself: something you do because you want to, not in order to get other advantages  ● IT is a tool for learning, not merely an end in itself. the end justifies the means: used to say that doing bad things is acceptable if they achieve an important result Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  17. Text A Reading World Trade Organization the same rules on all members in order to homogenize the trade process, stimulating competition through lowered subsidies, and ensuring the same trade for all member nations. The WTO also provides technical assistance and training for developing countries. imposing concessions impose vt. to officially force a rule, tax, punishment, etc to be obeyed or received  ● The court can impose a fine. impose something on something/somebody  ●High taxes have recently been imposed on cigarettes. concession n. something which is allowed or given up, often in order to end a disagreement, or the act of allowing or giving this  ● Both sides involved in the conflict made some concessions in yesterday’s talks. concession to  ● He stated firmly that no concessions will be made to the strikers. concession on  ● The exporter should make no concession on price at once when the importer doesn’t accept the offer. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  18. Text A Reading World Trade Organization Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  19. Text A Reading World Trade Organization 2 World Trade Organization agreements cover intellectual property, goods and services. The body also member countries’ implementation of actions to lower tariffs and other trade barriers. oversees customs The WTO works to improve transparency regarding trade policies by requiring its members to report on their trade laws and measures as they go into effect. customs n. 1) the place where your bags are checked for illegal goods when you go into a country ●You can’t take fresh fruits through customs. 2) the government department that checks goods coming into a country and collects any taxes on them ●The goods are not allowed to be exported without approbation of the customs. Note: 该词的单数形式custom意思是“习俗，惯例”。 oversee vt. to be in charge of a group of workers and check that a piece of work is done satisfactorily  ● A team leader was appointed to oversee the project. synonym: supervise 主句是The WTO works；to improve...不定式短语做目的状语；by requiring...做方式状语；trade laws and measures并列做report on的宾语；as they go into effect做时间状语，其中they指代前面的trade laws and measures。 主句是The WTO works；to improve...不定式短语做目的状语；by requiring...做方式状语；trade laws and measures并列做report on的宾语；as they go into effect做时间状语，其中they指代前面的trade laws and measures。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  20. Text A Reading World Trade Organization 3 The WTO grew out of a legal agreement, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). GATT was in Havana, Cuba, in 1948 in an attempt to encourage free trade in the wake of World War II. Twenty-three nations signed the original GATT agreement. provisional drafted provisional a. likely or able to be changed in the future  ●We accept provisional bookings by phone.  ●A copy of the provisional agenda is enclosed for your information. provisionally ad.  ●The meeting has been provisionally arranged for the end of May. draft 1) vt.to write a plan, letter, report, etc that will need to be changed before it is in its inished form  ● Draft a proposal for the project and we can discuss it at the meeting. 2) n.a piece of writing or a plan that is not yet in its finished form  ●I read the first draft and thought it was very good.  ●All parties eventually approved the final draft (=finished form) of the peace treaty. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  21. Text A Reading World Trade Organization 4Fifty-five years later, more than 90 percent of world trade is subject to the WTO’s trade rules, and advocates claim that the economic gains speak to the organization’s success. The WTO’S Guiding Principles 5 ; when a member country grants a trade privilege to another nation, the privilege must be extended to all other member countries. Another principle is “national treatment”, which means that countries treat foreign imports equally with those produced domestically. One way the WTO aims for equal representation among members is by granting each member country “most-favored nation status” and连接两个并列句；that引导定语从句修饰claim；speak此处的意思是“证明”。 the WTO... members是定语从句，前面省略了关联词that；by...是介宾短语做表语。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  22. Text A Reading World Trade Organization 6 All member nations decide on agreements, and no country has veto power. Agreements are decided by consensus, although the WTO agreement does allow for majority voting if a consensus is unreachable. although引导让步状语从句；if引导条件状语从句。 consensus n. ［U］ an opinion that everyone in a group agrees with or accepts  ●The general consensus in the office is that he’s useless at his job. consensus on/about  ● Could we reach a consensus on this matter? Let’s take a vote.  ● The EU Council of Finance Ministers failed to reach a consensus on the pace of integration. consensus that  ● There is a consensus among teachers that children should have a broad understanding of the world. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  23. Text A Reading World Trade Organization 7 Within the World Bank and International Monetary Fund each country’s vote is weighted according to the country’s status in the international economic system. 8 While the WTO’s consensus-building method means trade laws can be adopted quickly, critics point out that it grants power to those wealthier nations with the resources to devote to negotiation. Relying on a consensus rather than majority vote and granting nations equal representation distinguishes the WTO from many multilateral organizations. treaty Relying on..., and granting...并列的现在分词短语做主语；二者表达同一含义，因此表达一个整体概念，因此谓语distinguish用单数。 treaty n. a written agreement between two or more countries formally approved and signed by their leaders  ●We’ve signed/concluded a treaty with neighboring states to limit emissions of harmful gases. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  24. Text A Comprehension Choose the best answer for each question according to the passage. 1. The passage mainly talks about ______. A. the development of the WTO B. how the WTO resolves trade conflicts between nations C. the functions and guiding principles of the WTO D. the organizational structure of the WTO 2. Which is not a goal of the WTO? A. To preserve world peace. B. To promote world trade. C. To provide technical assistance for developing countries. D. To administer trade agreements. 1 √ 2 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  25. Text A Comprehension Choose the best answer for each question according to the passage. 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. The WTO supervises that member countries take actions to lower trade barriers. B. The WTO agreements cover goods, services, and individual property. C. The WTO requires its member states to make their trade policy transparent. D. The WTO member states need to report their trade laws and measures as they become effective. 4. What does “national treatment” imply? A. It is necessary that a state gives favorable terms to national products. B. A state needs to impose a higher tax on imported goods in order to protect national industry. C. A state needs to treat imported goods favorably in order to promote international trade. D. A state should not impose higher taxes on goods imported from other states that are participating in the agreement. 3 √ 4 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  26. Text A Comprehension Choose the best answer for each question according to the passage. 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about reaching agreements? A. If one country objects to the agreement, it will not be decided. B. Majority voting is not effective if consensus is not reached. C. Agreements are decided by all member nations through consensus. D. There is no way to pass an agreement if consensus is unreachable. 6. What specific feature distinguishes the WTO from many other international organizations? A. The WTO member nations have equal rights and weights in decision-making. B. Each member country’s vote is weighted according to the country’s status. C. The WTO’s trade laws can be adopted quickly. D. The world powers can veto an agreement. 5 √ 6 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  27. Text A Vocabulary Part 1 Match the expressions on the left with the explanations on the right. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  28. Text A Vocabulary Part 1 Match the expressions on the left with the explanations on the right. Answer 1. C 2. A 3. H 4. F 5. B 6. I 7. D 8. J 9. G 10. E Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  29. Text A Vocabulary Part 2 Complete the sentences with the following expressions. Change the form where necessary. regarding adopt concession forum representation privilege veto administer oversee multilateral 1. Senior management enjoys certain , such as company cars and private healthcare. 2. He stated firmly that no would be made to the strikers. 3. your recent inquiry, I have enclosed a copy of our new brochure. 4. The Ministry of Defense has the power of over all British arms exports. 5. Seven countries are taking part in the talks. ___________ privileges ____________ concession ___________ Regarding __________ veto ____________ multilateral Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  30. Text A Vocabulary Part 2 Complete the sentences with the following expressions. Change the form where necessary. regarding adopt concession forum representation privilege veto administer oversee multilateral 6. A team leader was appointed to the project. 7. The new tax would force companies to energy-saving measures. 8. The money will be by local charities. 9. The journal aims to provide a for discussion and debate. 10. There has been a decline in union in the auto industry. ___________ oversee _________ adopt ______________ administered ___________ forum ______________ representation Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  31. Text A Vocabulary Part 3 Choose the best expression to complete each sentence. 1. Our new system will _______ more efficient use of resources. A. decide on B. speak to C. allow for D. strive for 2. The company received a substantial government _______. A. tariff B. subsidy C. concession D. consensus 3. The EU Council of Finance Ministers failed to _______ a consensus on the pace of integration. A. adopt B. impose C. draft D. reach 1 √ 2 √ 3 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  32. Text A Vocabulary Part 3 Choose the best expression to complete each sentence. 4. The government imposed a ban _______ the sale of ivory. A. on B. to C. with D. for 5. I think it’s time to _______ a different strategy in the negotiation. A. adapt B. adept C. adopt D. draft 6. This leaflet _______ what we’ve just discussed in more detail. A. regarding B. covers C. represents D. drafts 4 √ 5 √ 6 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  33. Text A Translation Part 1 Translate the following terms into Chinese 1. World Trade Organization 2. member state 3. free trade 4. import tariff 5. trade agreement 6. international trade policy 7. intellectual property 8. trade barrier _____________________ 世界贸易组织 _____________________ 成员国 _____________________ 自由贸易 _____________________ 进口关税 _____________________ 贸易协定 _____________________ 国际贸易政策 _____________________ 知识产权 _____________________ 贸易壁垒 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  34. Text A Translation Part 1 Translate the following terms into Chinese 9. most-favored nation status 10. trade privilege 11. national treatment 12. veto power 13. World Bank 14. International Monetary Fund 15. international economic system _____________________ 最惠国待遇 _____________________ 贸易特权 _____________________ 国民待遇 _____________________ 否决权 _____________________ 世界银行 _____________________ 国际货币基金组织 _____________________ 国际经济系统 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  35. Text A Translation Part 2 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Formed in January 1995, the World Trade Organization is an international body aiming to create economic peace and stability in the world through a multilateral system among member states(currently there are slightly more than 140 members) and seeking to promote free trade by opening markets through the elimination of import tariffs. 世界贸易组织成立于1995年1月，是一个国际组织，目标是通过成员国（目前有140多个成员国）间的多边贸易体制在世界范围内建立经济的和平与稳定，并寻求通过消除进口关税及开放市场来推动自由贸易。 ______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  36. Text A Translation Part 2 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 2. The WTO works to improve transparency regarding trade policies by requiring its members to report on their trade laws and measures as they go into effect. 世贸组织通过要求成员国公布他们实施的贸易法规和措施以增加贸易政策的透明度。 ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 3. One way the WTO aims for equal representation among members is by granting each member country “most-favored nation status”; when a member country grants a trade privilege to another nation, the privilege must be extended to all other member countries. 世贸组织实现成员国平等待遇的一个途径就是给予每个成员国“最惠国”待遇；当一个成员国授予另一个国家贸易特权，这一特权必须延伸到所有其他成员国。 ________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  37. Text A Translation Part 2 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 4. Agreements are decided by consensus, although the WTO agreement does allow for majority voting if a consensus is unreachable. 协议由协商一致的原则决定是否通过，但在协商无法达成一致的情况下，世贸协议也允许大多数投票通过。 ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 5. Relying on a consensus rather than majority vote and granting nations equal representation distinguishes the WTO from many multilateral organizations. 世贸组织与很多其他多边组织的不同之处在于，世贸组织依赖于协商一致而不是大多数投票，并且给予各国平等待遇。 ________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  38. Text A Supplementary Reading Read the following passage about the WTO and fill in each blank with an appropriate expression from the box. body negotiations from freely consensus member international resolve barrier against The WTO was born out of the GATT, which was established in 1947. The WTO replaced the GATT as the world’s global trading 1 in 1995, and the current set of governing rules stems 2 the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations, which took place throughout 1986-1994. The purpose of the WTO is to ensure that global trade commences smoothly and 3 . The WTO creates and embodies the legal ground rules for global trade among 4 nations and thus offers a system for 5 commerce. _______ body _______ from _________ freely _________ member _____________ international Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  39. Text A Supplementary Reading Read the following passage about the WTO and fill in each blank with an appropriate expression from the box. body negotiations from freely consensus member international resolve barrier against Decisions are made by 6 , though a majority vote may also rule (this is very rare). If a trade dispute occurs, the WTO works to 7 it. If, for example, a country erects a trade 8 in the form of a customs duty against a particular country or a particular good, the WTO may issue trade sanctions 9 the violating country. The WTO will also work to resolve the conflict through 10 . _____________ consensus _________ resolve __________ barrier __________ against _____________ negotiations Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  40. Text A Discussion All WTO members may participate in all councils, committees, etc, except Appellate Body, Dispute Settlement Panels, and plurilateral committees. Work in groups to describe its main structure with the help of the given chart. The following words might be useful: appellate: having the power to hear appeals and to review court decisions dispute: to argue about; debate plurilateral: many kinds/sides of; of different aspects Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  41. Text A Discussion Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  42. Text B Reading • Part 1 Comprehension • Part 2 Vocabulary • Part 3 Translation • Part 4 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  43. Text B Reading New Words and Expressions outline [5aJtlaIn] v. 略述,概述要点 summit [5sQmIt] n.峰会 transcend [trAn5send] v. 超越 border [5bC:dE] n. 边界,国界 ethanol [5eWEn?l] n.乙醇,酒精 biodiesel [5baIE?尬di:7z?l] n. 生化柴油 hydrogen [5haIdrEdVEn] n. 氢 fuel cell n. 燃料电池 avian flu n. 禽流感 claim [kleIm] v. 夺去(生命) inflict [In5flIkt] v. (~on)造成,使……遭受…… detect [dI5tekt] v. 发现,察觉 pandemic [pAn5demIk] n. 流行病 violence [5vaIElEns] n. 暴力 ferry [5feri] n.摆渡,渡船 embassy [5embEsi] n. 大使馆 commit [kE5mIt] v. 犯(错误),做(坏事) ideology [7aIdi5?lEdVi] n.意识形态 reject [rI5dVekt] v. 拒绝,抵制 tolerance [5t?lErEns] n. 宽容,容忍 weapon of mass destruction n. 大规模杀伤性武器 blackmail [5blAkmeIl] v. 勒索 repression [rI5preFEn] n.镇压,抑制 radicalism [5rAdIkElIzEm] n. 激进主义 ally [5AlaI] n. 同盟国 prosperous [5pr?spErEs] a. 繁荣的 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  44. Text B Reading The development of globalization has intensified the relations of interdependence between countries of varying levels of development. Please read the speech delivered by the American President George W. Bush on his trip to Asia in 2006 and try to understand his position on globalization and international cooperation. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  45. Text B Reading Bush Areas of International Cooperation Outlines 1 Good morning! This week I’m visiting Singapore, Indonesia, and Vietnam, where I’m attending the annual summit of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum. On this trip, I am carrying a message for the people of this region. America will remain engaged in Asia because our interests depend on the expansion of freedom and opportunity in this vital part of the world. outline 1) vt. to give the main facts about something ● The new president outlined plans to deal with crime, drugs, and education. ● At the interview she outlined what the interviewee would be doing. 2) n. a description of the main facts about something ●If you read the minutes of the meeting, they’ll give you a broad outline of what was discussed. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  46. Text B Reading Bush Outlines Areas of International Cooperation 2 Asia is important to America because prosperity in our country depends on trade with Asia’s growing economies. Today, America’s trade across the Pacific is greater than our trade across the Atlantic, and we need to continue opening up markets in this part of the world to American goods and services. 3 My position is clear: As long as the playing field is level, America’s farmers, small businesses, and workers can compete with anyone, so America will continue to pursue free and fair trade at every level with individual countries across the whole regions and through the World Trade Organization. As long as引导条件状语从句；America’s farmers, small businesses, and workers并列做主语；so引导结果状语从句，其中at every level...and through...并列做从句的状语。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  47. Text B Reading Bush Outlines Areas of International Cooperation By opening new markets for American goods and services, we help create new customers for our products abroad and jobs and opportunities for our workers and small businesses at home. 4 Asia is also important to America because our nations face common challenges like energy and disease that borders. Our growing economies are too dependent on oil, and we have a common interest in pursuing affordable, reliable energy alternatives. So we’re working with our partners in this region to develop new energy technologies that will make us less dependent on oil, including clean coal and ethanol, biodiesel and hydrogen fuel cells. transcend transcend vt. to go beyond the usual limits of something ● The best films are those which transcend national or cultural barriers. By opening...介宾短语做方式状语；customers, jobs and opportunities并列做宾语。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  48. Text B Reading Bush Outlines Areas of International Cooperation 5 We are also working with our partners in the region to address the threat of diseases like avian flu, which has the potential to claim many lives and inflict terrible damage on our societies if not detected and stopped -so we’re sharing information and putting wise preparedness plans in place to help ensure that we can contain the spread of avian flu and be ready if a pandemic ever occurs. By coming together to address these and other challenges, we’re helping build more hopeful societies in Asia and stronger partners for America. sharing和putting是并列的谓语动词；to help动词不定式做目的状语；that引导宾语从句；从句的谓语是can contain...and be ready。名词preparedness做定语。 By coming together...做方式状语；societies和partners并列做build的宾语。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  49. Text B Reading Bush Outlines Areas of International Cooperation 6 Finally, Asia is important to America because we face common threats to our security. The people of this region understand the terrorist threat because they have been targets of terrorist violence. Since September the 11th, the terrorists have attacked a nightclub in Bali, a hotel in Jakarta, a ferry packed with passengers in Manila Bay, a school full of children in Russia, Australia’s in Indonesia and many other targets. embassy embassy n. a group of officials who represent their government in a foreign country, or the building they work in ●He is the second secretary of the embassy and is in charge of daily affairs. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

  50. Text B Reading Bush Outlines Areas of International Cooperation The killers who these acts of terror are followers of a clear and focused ideology that hates freedom and tolerance. committed rejects commit vt. 1) to do something illegal or something that is considered wrong ● He was sent to prison for a crime that he didn’t commit. 2) to promise or give your loyalty, time or money to a particular principle, person or plan of action ●The government must commit itself to improving health care. ●Once we have committed to this course of action there is no going back. reject vt. 1) to refuse to accept, believe in, or agree with something or someone ● His proposal was rejected outright (=completely rejected). ● I applied for a job as a mechanic in a local garage, but I was rejected (= I was not offered the job). antonym: accept 2) to throw away something that has just been made, because its quality is not good enough ●If inspectors find a defective bottle, the batch is rejected. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

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