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ILO Social and Solidarity Economy Academy 3 rd Edition - April , 08-12 , 2013

Prof. Dr. LEANDRO PEREIRA MORAIS lpmorais@gmail.com AGADIR, 2013. ILO Social and Solidarity Economy Academy 3 rd Edition - April , 08-12 , 2013. Policy framework for the development of SSE. Aims : Discussion on public policies (PP) for SSE;

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ILO Social and Solidarity Economy Academy 3 rd Edition - April , 08-12 , 2013

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  1. Prof. Dr. LEANDRO PEREIRA MORAIS lpmorais@gmail.com AGADIR, 2013 ILO Social andSolidarityEconomyAcademy3 rdEdition - April, 08-12 , 2013

  2. Policyframeworkforthedevelopment of SSE Aims: • Discussiononpublicpolicies (PP) for SSE; • Pointingoutitsmaininstruments and trends; • Discussion of therelationship of thesepolicieswith “transverse” and “emancipatory” publicactions; • Someconsiderationsabout SSE in Brazil and Africa; • ConectionbetweenYouthemployment and SSE; • Collectsomeinternationalexperiences;

  3. Question 1 Is there consensus in your country about what is Social and Solidarity Economy? 1. Yes 2. No

  4. Question 2 Is there consensus in your country about what organizations qualify as Social and Solidarity Economy? 1. Yes 2. No

  5. 1.1 Background - SSE: difficulties and contradictions – definition; conceptualisation; delimition of itsactivities / organisations; measuring; - Voluntary, philanthropic, non-monetary, non-profit, sector of social interest, third sector, NGO, solidarityeconomy, popular economy…

  6. SSE • Phenomenon more and more economic, social and politicalvisibility; • Impacting PP planning (subjects, organisations, entities – recognition, institutionalization and strengthenprojects and actions;

  7. Question 3 Are there specific laws in your country that regulate the Social and Solidarity Economy? 1. Yes 2. No

  8. Question 4 Are there specific ministries or departments in your country’s Government that deal with the Social and Solidarity Economy? 1. Yes 2. No

  9. PublicPoliciesfor SSE1.1 Background Programmes and actions of thepublic sector topromotethese as choices of work, income, social and democraticparticipation, betterquality of life…

  10. Globally… - RenownedinternationalinstitutionshavebeenproducingDocuments, Statements, Resolutions, Conventions, Recomendations; - Considerable number of SSEOs; ILO Regional Conference in Johannesburg (2009) - a broadview of the SSE: “enterprises and organizations, in particular cooperatives, mutual benefitsocieties, associations, foundations and social enterprises, whichhavethespecificfeature of producinggoods, services and knowledgewhilepursuingbotheconomic and social aims and fosteringsolidarity”

  11. Globally… • International Cooperative Alliance: www.ica.coop/al-ica • International Cooperative and Mutual InsuranceFederation – ICMIF: www.icmif.org - International Association of Mutuality: www.aim-mutual.org • World Council of CreditUnions: www.woccu.org • International RaiffeisenUnion: www.iru.de - Otherevents: World Social Forum; International Meeting ontheGlobalisation of Solidarity; Intercontinental Network forthePromotion of the SSE; AsianCitizensAssemblyfor SSE (“bottom-up” experiences); SSE - importance: economic, employment and social penetration!

  12. 1.2 Trends and Instruments Emergence of SSE PP: • New model of relationshipbetweengovernmentaction and civil society; • “policy in progress”: “experimental”; • Challenges: institutionalfragility / vulnerability

  13. 1.2 Trends and Instruments Someinstruments: HeterogeneousActions • Actionsforprofessionalqualificationfor informal segments; • Conventionalinitiativestodisseminatemicrocredit; • Promotion of popular cooperativesincubation; • Supportfortheorganization of associativism; • Establishment of SSE public centres; • Definition of specific and transverseprogrammes; • Definition of legal and regulatoryframeworks; • Definition of governmentalstructures at differentlevels; • Constitution of logistic and infrastructure;

  14. 1.2 Trends and Instruments Heterogeneity of actions = diverse in understanding and recognition PP forthe SSE: - Policiesthataffect SSE organizations (legal and normativeimpositions); - Macroeconomicpolicies (fiscal and financial) that “privilege” SSE – subsidizedinterests / accesstocredit; • Policiesdesignedto be implemented at differentgeographiclevels; - Policiestoactivatecertainsectorsorspecificgroups (agriculture, low-incomehouses, youthemployment); Policiesorsupportinginstruments?

  15. 1.2 Trends and Instruments Neamtan & Downing (2005) – a systematizedview 4 majorcategoriesfor SSE PP: • Territorial Policy: supporting local communities • Generictoolsfordevelopment: investmenttools, adequatemarkets, research, managementpractices and training • SectoralPolicies: environment, housing, new technologies, tourism, culture • Policies in favour of target populations: integrating: youth, disabled, recentimigrations

  16. 1.3 Constructedfrombottom-up • “Co-production”: citizens´collectiveaction • Notseen as a “publicconstruction” but “as theresult of processes of interactionsbetweenassociativeinitiatives and publicpolicies” (Laville, 2006:19) – “reciprocalinteractionsfrombottom-up”; - Territorial Development: social, political, economic, cultural, environmentalaspects in theirrespectiveterritories + associativearticulationbetween local producers and consumers;

  17. 1.4 Transverseactions • SSE and transversecharacter: mobilizesdifferentareas of publicaction; • Objectives – Economic (generation of job and income) / Social (improvement of sociabilityconditions, strengthening of territorial ties) / Political(creation of publicspacesforproblemdiscussion and solving) + SSE mobilizecultural and environmentaldimension; • Problem: lack of articulationbetweengovernment agencies at differentlevels (!!!)

  18. 1.5 Possibilities of “emancipation”? • Potentialfortheemancipation of marginalizedsectorsbasedonthe SSE; • Ex.Programmes of conditional cash transfer toalleviatepoverty and break itsintergenerationalcircle – Bolsa Família (Brazil); • “Exitdoors”;

  19. 2.1 SSE in Brazil: some considerations • WSF (2001/2); • FBES / CNES / SENAES (2003); • Thesituation in recentdecades: weaknedstandardworkrelationships and unemployment; • Institutionalization of PP SSE.

  20. 2.2 SSE in Africa: some considerations • SSE practices – philanthropy and actions of NGOs; • Today: advancementsconcerningtheplanning of socio-economicdevelopmentprojectsthatpriorizepeace, democraticparticipation, governance and regional cooperation; • SSE is “absolutely vital” totherecovery of Africaneconomies (EbrahimPatel)

  21. 2. SSE in Africa: some considerations • AnglophoneAfrica:policiestosupportthedevelopment of thecooperatives and mutual benefitassociations. Also, developedcooperativelaws and agencies toregulatethecooperativemovement – www.ilo.org/coopafrica; • FrancophoneAfrica:incorporated a commitmenttodevelopthe SSE in theirgovernmentstructures. Ex.Departament of EconomicSolidarity (Mali); Ministére de la SolidaritéNationale (Senegal); • North Africa: SSE as a keystrategytofightpoverty and social exclusion.

  22. Question 5 Are there experiences in your country that connect the SSE practices as a tool to aid the integration of young people in the labor market? • Yes • No

  23. 3. ConnectionsbetweenYouthemployment and SSE • SSE initiatives and ventures may lead to opportunities for integration young people with few prospects from vulnerable communities; • Public Works and Employment Programmes (PWEPs): job creation initiatives for vulnerable groups based on SSE principles; • An initiative was recently launched in Brazil (2011): BrasilsemMiséria” [Brazil without Misery]; • ILO (2012:46), “there were many experiences but very few impact assessments and evaluations in this area.

  24. 4. Collectingexperiences... • How to institutionalizethe SSE in governmentalstructures? • Thecentralityand interfaces ofthe SSE in other policies? • How to “territorialize” governmentaction? • How to establishpermanentandeffectivemechanisms for SSE participation in policy management?

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