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Racial Identity Development in Therapy Dr. Nyaka NiiLampti Southeast Psych

Learning Objectives. Participants will discuss ways in which race and racial identity development impact the therapeutic process.Participants will be able to identify various racial identity development models (black identity, white identity, and biracial identity development models).Participant

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Racial Identity Development in Therapy Dr. Nyaka NiiLampti Southeast Psych

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    1. Racial Identity Development in Therapy Dr. Nyaka NiiLampti Southeast Psych

    2. Learning Objectives Participants will discuss ways in which race and racial identity development impact the therapeutic process. Participants will be able to identify various racial identity development models (black identity, white identity, and biracial identity development models). Participants will discuss ways in which aspects of racial identity development contribute to conceptualization of client presenting problems.

    3. Terms Defined Race: social construction reflecting physical characteristics and social status Ethnicity: groups in which members share a cultural heritage from one generation to another. Culture: the integrated pattern of human behavior that includes thoughts, communication, action, customs, beliefs, values, etc.

    4. How does race shape the therapeutic process? “Normal” behavior assumptions Individualistic orientation Integration of other disciplines Overemphasis on independence Support systems and extended family

    5. Importance of broaching race in the therapeutic process Decreases premature termination of counseling Enhances counselor credibility Enhances client satisfaction Enhances the depth of client disclosure

    6. Racial Identity Development “the process of defining for oneself the personal significance and social meaning of belonging to a particular racial group”

    7. Psychological Interactions with Racial Identity Development Self esteem Anxiety Depression Anger issues Acting out/aggression Learning and academic performance Interpersonal relationships

    8. Cross’s Model: Black Identity Development

    9. Helm’s Model of White Racial identity development (WRID)

    10. Biracial Identity Development

    11. Other factors to Consider in Multiracial Identity Racial Ancestry Physical Appearance Early experiences and socialization Cultural attachment Political awareness and orientation Social and historical context Other social identities Spirituality

    12. Cultural considerations Distinguish between culture-specific behaviors and unhealthy human functioning Recognize the complexities associated with race Acknowledge the heterogeneity that characterizes culturally and racially diverse clients Accommodate and accept multiple aspects of identity

    13. REFERENCES Akos, P., & Ellis, C. (2008). Racial identity development in middle school: A case for school counselor individual and systemic Intervention, Journal of Counseling and Development, 86, 26-33. Cross, W. (1991). Shades of Black: Diversity in African-American identity. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Day-Vines, N., Wood, S., Grothaus, T., Craigen, L., Holman, A., Dotson-Blake, K., & Douglass, M. (2007). Broaching the subjects of race, ethnicity, and culture during the counseling process, Journal of Counseling and Development, 85, 401-409. Helms, J. E. (1990). Toward a model of White racial identity development. In J. E. Helms (Ed.), Black and White racial identity: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 49-66). New York: Greenwood Press. Poston, W. (1990). The biracial identity development model: A needed addition. Journal of Counseling and Development, 69, 152-155. Tatum, B.D. (1997). “Why are all the Black kids sitting together in the cafeteria?” And other conversations about race. New York: Basic Books.

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