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Classifying Matter: Elements, Atoms, Compounds, and Mixtures

This lesson explores the composition of matter, including elements, atoms, compounds, and mixtures. It explains the properties of elements and how they are represented by symbols. It also discusses the structure of atoms and their role in forming compounds through chemical bonding. The lesson further covers the two types of mixtures - heterogeneous and homogeneous - and how the components of a mixture can be separated.

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Classifying Matter: Elements, Atoms, Compounds, and Mixtures

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  1. Unit 2: ChemistryLesson 2: Classifying MatterEssential Questions:1.) What is matter made of?2.) What are two types of mixtures?

  2. What is matter made of? • A substance that cannot be broken Element • down into any other substances by • chemical or physical means • Elements are the simplest substances • They are identified by physical and chemical properties • They are represented by one or two letter symbols

  3. Each element has: physical and chemical properties one or two letter symbols

  4. The basic particle from which Atom • all elements are made • All matter is made of atoms • It has a positively charged center, or nucleus, surrounded by a “cloud” of negative charge • Elements have different properties because • their atoms are different

  5. Atom Positively charged nucleus and smaller particles Cloud of negative charge

  6. A force of attraction between Chemical bond • two atoms • A group of two or more atoms Molecules • held together by chemical bonds • The atoms can be atoms of the same element • or different elements

  7. Water is a molecule made up of an oxygen atom chemically bonded to two hydrogen atoms. Oxygen atom Oxygen molecules are made up of two oxygen atoms chemically bonded. Chemical bond

  8. In Class Activity

  9. A substance made of two or more Compound elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio This formula shows the elements Chemical Formula in the compound and the ratio of atoms The chemical formula for water is H2O. There are two hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom in water.

  10. When elements combine, they form compounds with properties different from those of the elements. Chemistry Textbook page 11

  11. What are the two types of mixtures? • Two or more substances that are Mixture • together in the same place, • but their atoms are not chemically bonded • Each substance in a mixture keeps its own properties • The parts can be separated A salad is a mixture. It includes lettuce, carrots, tomatoes, onions and croutons. You can separate the items.

  12. In this mixture, you can usually see Heterogeneous the different parts and they can be separated In this mixture, the substances Homogeneous are so evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts

  13. Mixtures Which of these foods are heterogeneous and which are homogeneous?

  14. How can you separate a mixture?

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