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“In The Name of God”

“In The Name of God”. Visual Pathway. Ventral & Dorsal. Presented by: Yoosef Najian. Cones Rods. Parvocells (P cells) Magnocells (M cells). Question ?. Sensitivity. Stimulus feature M cells P cells Color Contrast Luminance contrast Spatial Frequency Temporal Frequency. NO Yes.

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“In The Name of God”

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  1. “In The Name of God” Visual Pathway Ventral & Dorsal Presented by: Yoosef Najian

  2. Cones • Rods Parvocells (P cells) Magnocells (M cells)

  3. Question ? • Sensitivity • Stimulus feature M cells P cells • Color Contrast • Luminance contrast • Spatial Frequency • Temporal Frequency NO Yes Higher Lower Lower Higher Higher Lower

  4. Inferior Retina Superior Retina Inferior V1 Superior V1 Upper visual Field Lower visual Field

  5. Layers of the Cortex • I : Molecular Layer • II : External Granule Cell Layer • III : External Pyramidal Cell Layer • IV : Internal Granule Cell Layer • V : Internal Pyramidal Cell Layer • VI : Multiform Layer

  6. What System = Parvocellular Pathway = P Pathway = Ventral Pathway = Temporal Pathway Where System = Magnocellular Pathway = M Pathway = Dorsal Pathway = Parietal Pathway

  7. Organization of Visual Areas in Macaque and Human Cerebral CortexDavid C. Van EssenIn: Visual Neurosciences (L. Chalupa and J. Werner, eds.)

  8. visual (blue , 52%) somatosensory (green, 10%) auditory (red, 3%) motor (magenta, 8%) olfactory (brown, 1%) Unassigned cortex (gray, 25%) is mostly cognitive or emotional in function

  9. How can we identify distinct visual areas? • Architecture • Connectivity • Visual Topography • Functional Characteristics

  10. Sulci : • STS: Superior temporal sulcus • AMTS: Anterior middle temporal sulcus • PMTS: Posterior middle temporal sulcus • OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus • RS: Rhinal sulcus • IOS: Inferior occipital sulcus • LS: Latral sulcus

  11. Areas: • TEOd ~ PITd • TEOv ~ PITv • TEpd ~ CITd • TEpv ~ CITv • TEad ~ AITd • TEav ~ AITv

  12. Keiji Tanaka • TEOd • TEpd • TEad • TEOv • TEpv • TEav

  13. Kadharbatcha S. SaleemKeiji TanakaKathleen S. RocklandK. ChengW. SuzukiT. HashikawaWebster MJBachevalier JUngerleider LG

  14. Overall Distribution of Labeled Terminals(1)

  15. Single Axon Reconstruction(1)

  16. Single Axon Reconstruction(2)

  17. Single Axon Reconstruction(3)

  18. Parietal Areas Prefrontal Areas Conclusion: LIPd 8 45 V3A LOP 12 LIPv 13 11

  19. The Ventral Visual Object Pathway in Humans : Evidence from fMRINancy Kanwisher

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