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RMPW CHAPTER 15

Wilbert Saputra 10120080011 Jerry Tanuwijaya 10120089026. RMPW CHAPTER 15. What is Ethnographic Research? How did Ethnographic Research develop? What are the types of Ethnographic Designs? What are the characteristics of Critical Ethnography?

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RMPW CHAPTER 15

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  1. Wilbert Saputra 10120080011 Jerry Tanuwijaya 10120089026 RMPW CHAPTER 15

  2. What is Ethnographic Research? How did Ethnographic Research develop? What are the types of Ethnographic Designs? What are the characteristics of Critical Ethnography? What are the key characteristics of an Ethnographic Design? What are the steps in conducting an Ethnography? QUESTIONS

  3. Ethnographic designs are qualitative research procedures for describing, analyzing, and interpreting a culture-sharing group’s shared patterns of behavior, beliefs, and language that develop over time. The term ethnography literally means “writing about groups of people”. What is ethnographic research?

  4. Using this qualitative design, we can identify a group of people, study them in their homes or workplaces; note how they behave, think, and talk; and develop a general portrait of the group. WHAT IS ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH?

  5. Ethnography has been shaped by cultural anthropology with an emphasis on writing about culture 1928 Mead study of child rearing, adolescence, and influence of culture on personality in Samoa 1920’s - 1950’s Single case emphasis at University of Chicago HOW DID ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH DEVELOP?

  6. 1980’s Educational Ethnographies 1997 publication of Writing Culture that highlighted two major issues Crisis of representation: how ethnographers interpret the groups they are studying Crisis of “legitimacy”: standards do not come from “normal science.” Studies must be evaluated by standards within the participants’ historical, cultural, influences and interactive forces of race, gender and class HOW DID ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH DEVELOP?

  7. Realist ethnography is an objective account of the situation, typically written in the third-person point of view, reporting objectively on the information learned from participants at a field site. • Case Study is an in-depth exploration of a bounded system (e.g., an activity, event, process, or individuals) based on extensive data collection. WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF ETHNOGRAPHIC DESIGNS?

  8. Critical Ethnographies are a type of ethnographic research in which the author is interested in advocating for the emancipation of groups marginalized in our society. What are the types of ethnographic designs?

  9. Critical researchers are usually politically minded people. Critical ethnographers speak to an audience on behalf of their participants as a means of empowering participants by giving them more authority. Critical ethnographers seek to change society. Critical ethnographers identify and celebrate their biases in research. Critical ethnographers challenge the status quo and ask why it is so. Characteristics of critical ethnographies

  10. Cultural Themes A Culture-Sharing Group Shared Patterns of Behavior, Belief, and Language. Fieldwork. Description, Themes, and Interpretation. Context or Setting. Researcher Reflexivity. Key Characteristics of An Ethnographic Design

  11. Cultural theme in ethnography is a general position, declared or implied, that is openly approved or promoted in a society or group. Cultural Themes

  12. A culture-sharing group in ethnography is two or more individuals who have shared behaviors, beliefs, and language. A Culture-Sharing Group

  13. A shared pattern in ethnography is a common social interaction that stabilizes as tacit rules and expectations of the group. A behavior in an ethnography is an action taken by an individual in a cultural setting. A belief in an ethnography is how an individual thinks about or perceives things in a cultural setting. Language in an ethnography is how an individual talks to others in cultural setting. Shared Patterns of Behavior, Belief, and Language

  14. Fieldwork researcher gathers data in the setting where the participants are located and where their shared patterns can be studied Types of data Emic data (data supplied by the participants) Etic data (ethnographer’s interpretation of participant’s perspectives) Negotiation data (information participants and researcher agree to use in a study) Forms of data: Observations, Interviews, Documents fieldwork

  15. A description in ethnography is a detailed rendering of individuals and scenes to depict what is going on in the culture-sharing group. • Thematic data analysis in ethnography consists of distilling how things work and naming the essential features in themes in the cultural setting. • Interpretation in ethnography consists of inferences and conclusions about what was learned by the ethnographer. Description, Themes, and Interpretation

  16. The context for an ethnography is the setting, situation, or environment that surrounds the cultural group being studied. Context or Setting

  17. Reflexivity in ethnography refers to the researcher being aware of and openly discussing his or her role in the study in a way that honors and respects the site and participants. Researcher Reflexivity

  18. Identify Intent and the Type of Design, and Relate Intent to Your Research Problem. Discuss Approval and Access Considerations. Use Appropriate Date-Collection Procedures. Analyze and Interpret Data Within a Design. Write the Report Consistent with Your Design. Steps in conducting an ethnography

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