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The Age of Enlightenment

The Age of Enlightenment. 1700-1789. The Age of Enlightenment. A period of intellectual exchange in Europe during the 18 th century “ Progress ” A desire for political and social change. The Age of Enlightenment. What made the Enlightenment possible?. The Philosophes.

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The Age of Enlightenment

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  1. The Age of Enlightenment 1700-1789

  2. The Age of Enlightenment • A period of intellectual exchange in Europe during the 18th century • “Progress” • A desire for political and social change

  3. The Age of Enlightenment • What made the Enlightenment possible?

  4. The Philosophes • Intellectuals who discussed ideas • Used reason to explain their world • Believed that Reason could improve society • Believed in tolerance for all religions

  5. The Philosophes

  6. Voltaire (1694-1778) • French intellectual who criticized French society

  7. John Locke (1632-1704) • Treatises on Government • Essay on Human Understanding • “Tabula Rasa”

  8. John Locke (1632-1704)

  9. Denis Diderot (1713-1784) • Published the Encyclopedia in 1772 • Attempt to compile information on everything

  10. Denis Diderot (1713-1784)

  11. The Encyclopedia

  12. Baron de Montesquieu (1689-1755) • French political philosopher • The Spirit of the Laws

  13. Baron de Montesquieu(1689-1755)

  14. Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) • Jewish philosopher in Amsterdam • Belief in religious toleration

  15. Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677)

  16. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) • The Social Contract (1762) • The “General Will”

  17. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

  18. Adam Smith (1723-1790) • First modern economist • The Wealth of Nations (1776) • Laissez-Faire

  19. Adam Smith (1723-1790)

  20. The Wealth of Nations

  21. Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797) • Wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Women • Founder of modern feminism

  22. Mary Wollstonecraft(1759-1797)

  23. The American Revolution • Was the American Revolution just a revolt against British taxation? • How was it based on Enlightenment principles? • In what ways is the Declaration of Independence based on John Locke’s Treatises on Government?

  24. Conclusion • The Enlightenment was a period of intellectual exchange in Europe during the 18th century • Several factors contributed to the Enlightenment • Philosophes expressed desire for social and political change

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