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Egypt and Mesopotamia

Egypt and Mesopotamia. ENVIRONMENT. What do we know about the environment of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia?. A View of Egypt by Satellite. The Fertile Nile Valley. The Annual Flooding of the Nile. Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf. The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area.

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Egypt and Mesopotamia

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  1. Egypt and Mesopotamia

  2. ENVIRONMENT • What do we know about the environment of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia?

  3. A View of Egypt by Satellite

  4. The Fertile Nile Valley

  5. The Annual Flooding of the Nile

  6. Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

  7. The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area The Middle East: “The Cradle of Civilization”

  8. GOVERNMENT • How did the environment of Egypt and Mesopotamia influence the development of political systems?

  9. Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt c. 3050 B. C. E. ?

  10. Sargon of Akkad:The World’s First Empire [Akkadians]

  11. The Babylonian Empires

  12. Hammurabi’s [r. 1792-1750 B. C. E.] Code

  13. SOCIAL STRUCTURE • How did the environment influence the development of social systems in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia?

  14. Egyptian Social Hierarchy

  15. Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs Tutankhamon1336-1327 B. C. E. Thutmose III1504-1450 B. C. E. Ramses II1279-1212 B. C. E.

  16. Egyptian Nobility

  17. An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves” Mirror Perfume Whigs

  18. Egyptian Priestly Class

  19. Egyptian Scribe

  20. Sumerians

  21. Mesopotamian Trade “The Cuneiform World”

  22. Sumerian Cylinder Seals

  23. WRITING SYSTEMS • How did the environment of Egypt and Mesopotamia influence the development of writing systems?

  24. Papyrus  Paper Hieratic Scroll Piece Papyrus Plant

  25. Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

  26. Hieroglyphic “Cartouche”

  27. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

  28. Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship What number is this?

  29. Cuneiform:“Wedge-Shaped” Writing

  30. Cuneiform Writing

  31. Deciphering Cuneiform

  32. Sumerian Scribes “Tablet House”

  33. Babylonian Math

  34. Babylonian Numbers

  35. RELIGION • How did the environment influence the religious beliefs and practices of the ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians?

  36. Egyptian Creation Myth The Goddess Nut

  37. Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:“The Sacred ‘Trinity’” Osiris Isis Horus

  38. Preparations for the Underworld ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather. Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit

  39. Materials Used in Mummification 1. Linen 6. Natron2. Sawdust 7. Onion3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads5. Resin 10. Frankinsense

  40. Preparation for the Afterlife

  41. Egyptian Mummies Ramses II1279-1212 B. C. E. Seti I1291-1278 B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.

  42. Journey to the Underworld The dead travel on the “Solar Bark.” A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh in his tomb.

  43. Egyptian Book of the Dead

  44. The Final Judgement Anubis Horus Osiris

  45. Shabtis: The Pharaoh’s Servants in the Afterlife

  46. “Bent” Pyramid of King Sneferu

  47. Giza Pyramid Complex

  48. The Valley of the Kings

  49. Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)

  50. King Tutankhamon’s Death Mask 1336-1327 B. C. E.

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