1 / 19

Meteorological tsunamis in the Mediterranean region: 40 years of studies

Meteorological tsunamis in the Mediterranean region: 40 years of studies. Ivica Vilibić 1 , Jadranka Šepić 1 , Sebastian Monserrat 2 , Alexander Rabinovich 3,4 1 Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, Croatia 2 Department of Physics, U IB , Palma de Mallorca, Spain

juliaowens
Download Presentation

Meteorological tsunamis in the Mediterranean region: 40 years of studies

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Meteorological tsunamis in the Mediterranean region: 40 years of studies Ivica Vilibić1, Jadranka Šepić1, Sebastian Monserrat2, Alexander Rabinovich3,4 1 Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, Croatia 2Department of Physics, UIB, Palma de Mallorca, Spain 3Fisheries and Oceans Canada, IOS, Sidney, Canada 4Shirshov Institute of Oceanology - RAS, Moscow, Russia • Outline: • A grasp of history • Destructive events • Source in the atmosphere • Energy transfer to the sea • Some statistics and climate • Take-home messages The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  2. A grasp of history • Meteotsunamis are known to occur in the Mediterranean for centuries Vrboska, Croatia 11 April 1614:Bloody tears appeared at cross in a house, what was interpreted as a call for reconciliation of two confronted neighbouring settlements, placed on different sides of the bay. A processions for reconciliation was held by taking the cross to the church the shortest way, across the bridge. Yet, the bridge was flooded due to „šćiga” (local name for meteotsunami). So, the procession had to go around the bay, through both settlements - it was interpreted as God's call to reconciliation and penance, thus two settlements united. (Source: https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maraški_petak) The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  3. Destructive events • The number of researched meteotsunamis in the Mediterranean and Black Seas is rapidly increasing in recent decades. The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019 Vilibić et al., Frontiers, 2016

  4. Destructive events • Vela Luka, Adriatic Sea: hot spot for meteotsunamis • Great Flood of 21 June 1978: 6 m wave height, damage about 7 mil. USD at that time • More in talk by Mirko Orlić The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019 Vučetić et al., PCE, 2009

  5. Destructive events • Other Adriatic meteotsunamis 2007 2008 2003 Vilibić and Šepić, PCE, 2009 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  6. Destructive events • Ciutadella, Menorca, the Balearic Islands: hot spot for meteotsunamis • Rissaga of 21 June 1984: 4-5 m wave height, about 300 boats were destroyed or strongly damaged • Rissaga of 15 June 2006: 4-5 m wave height, tens of sunk and damaged yachts, loss of ~30 MEuro • More in talk by Agusti Jansa The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  7. Destructive events 25-26 Jun 2014 • A widespread event over the Mediterranean and Black seas: 23-27 June 2014 27 Jun 2014 23 Jun 2014 Ciutadella 25 Jun 2014 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019 Šepić et al., Sci Rep, 2015

  8. Source in the atmosphere • A widespread event over the Mediterranean and Black seas: 23-27 June 2014 • Synoptic setup in the atmosphere  teleconnection between meteotsunamis at different hot spots The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019 Šepić et al., Sci Rep, 2015

  9. Source in the atmosphere • Atmospheric disturbance visible in the surface air pressure might be generated through wave duct ... Lindzen and Tung, Mon Wea Rev, 1976 Radiosounding over Balearic Islands Monserrat and Thorpe, QJRMS, 1996 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  10. Source in the atmosphere • ... or wave-CISK (Convective Instability of Second Kind) MM5, vertical velocity Adriatic MT event of June 2003 Belušić et al., JGR, 2007 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  11. Source in the atmosphere • Numerical models are still far from proper reproduction of meteotsunamis events, largely due to misrepresentations of mesoscale processes in the atmosphere • Six Adriatic meteotsunami events between 2014 and 2018 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019 Denamiel et al., OM, 2019

  12. Energy transfer to the sea • Exceptional events may occur over thousand of kilometres • The speed of atmospheric disturbance matched the speed of long ocean waves at a number of the Mediterranean and Black Sea shelves Šepić et al., Sci Rep, 2015 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  13. Energy transfer to the sea • Proudman resonance is the dominant mechanism of energy transfer to the sea … Vilibić et al., JGR, 2004 propagation direction 1 2 3 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  14. Energy transfer to the sea • ... being very sensitive to bathymetry changes ... Vilibić, CSR, 2008 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  15. Energy transfer to the sea • ... and to speed and propagation direction of atmospheric disturbance northern Adriatic Diferent Adriatic meteotsunami events Šepić et al., JGR, 2015 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  16. Energy transfer to the sea • Meteotsunami waves can be generated through reflection on the shelf edge, then channelized through submarine canyons towards the coast  Odessa meteotsunamis of 27 June 2014 Šepić et al., PAGEOPH, 2018 The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

  17. Some statistics and climate • In general, high-frequency sea level oscillations in the Mediterranean and most of the World Ocean (not only meteotsunamis) may be attributed to synoptic patterns • Average of 15 strongest events per station The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019 Šepić et al., Prog Ocean, 2015

  18. Some statistics and climate • That allows for quantification of the construction of the meteotsunami index and proxy-based estimation of present and future climate of meteotsunamis • Done for the Balearic Islands Šepić et al., GRL, 2016 • More in poster by Vilibić et al. The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019 Vilibić et al., GRL, 2018

  19. Take-home messages • Meteotsunamis are an important hazard in the Mediterranean • Continual research studies improved the knowledge a lot  also thanks to more high-frequency observations and advancement of numerical models • Yet, most of research has been done on single extreme events • Quantitative reproduction of meteotsunami events is far from satisfactory • Meteotsunami hazard may be obtained by models and proxy-based approach, but not with observations  still too short time series • Reproduction of meteotsunamigenic source is far less reliable than of generation and propagation of meteotsunami waves in the ocean • A way to go: • Improve observations  „force” meteo services and advise amateur networks to measure with 1-min resolution, new stations • Improve numerical models  proper parameterization for reproduction of meteotsunamigenic disturbance, improve coastal bathymetry • Statistics and hazard assessment  evaluation of many events, probabilistic approach • Create and improve reliability of operational products The First World Conference on Meteotsunamis, Split, Croatia, 8-11 May 2019

More Related