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What are you eating?!

What are you eating?!. Nutrients. What is Nutrition??. Nutrition is… …the science or study of food and the ways the body uses food. Nutrients are… …substances in food that create energy or help form tissues and are necessary for growth and life. The 6 Classes of Nutrients. Carbohydrates

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What are you eating?!

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  1. What are you eating?! Nutrients

  2. What is Nutrition?? Nutrition is… …the science or study of food and the ways the body uses food. Nutrients are… …substances in food that create energy or help form tissues and are necessary for growth and life.

  3. The 6 Classes of Nutrients • Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Vitamins • Minerals • Water These provide ENERGY for the body!! These are important to your health!!

  4. What is a Balanced Diet? A balanced diet means to be healthy, you need the right amount of food from ALL the 6 classes of nutrient. **You can’t leave out one (YEP! That means you need fat!! Don’t be scared!)**

  5. Too Much?! Or Too Little?! What happens if you eat too FEW nutrients? What happens if you eat too MANY nutrients? Weight gain Excess carbs, fats and proteins are stored in the body as fat Increased chance of heart disease and high BP Death • Weight loss • Poor Growth of normal tissues • Death

  6. Your Body Uses Energy Metabolism… …is the sum of the chemical processes that take place in your body to keep you alive and active. FOOD is the FUEL to your BODY! Your body requires energy from Carbs, Fats and Proteins to work. The energy food is measured in are calories.

  7. Carbohydrates Energy giving nutrients that include sugars, starches and fiber.

  8. Carbohydrates Simple Carbs • Glucose: blood sugar • Fructose: fruit sugar • Lactose: milk sugar • Sucrose: table sugar Complex Carbs • Starch: broken down into sugars • Ex: Potatoes, beans, grains • Glycogen: body’s stored sugar • Broken down into glucose • Fiber: complex carb that provides little energy • Ex: apples, bananas, wheat bran, corn, skin 45-65% Daily Value (DV) 4 cal/g

  9. Fats Main form of stored energy in the body Adds flavor, aroma and texture to foods 1 fat molecule = a triglyceride Glycerol Fatty acid Fatty acid Fatty acid - Large molecules made up of fatty acids and glycerol

  10. Unsaturated “Good” Fat Liquid @ room temp Monounsaturated Olive oil Canola oil Peanut oil Polyunsaturated Corn oil Sunflower oil soybean Omega3 – fish/seafood Saturated “Bad” Fat Solid @ room temp Examples: meat butter ice cream whole milk Trans Fat – formed when an oil is turned into a solid (ex: margarine) More Fats! 25-35% DV ○ 9 cal/g

  11. Proteins Made from amino acids and used for building/repairing muscles, skin, hair and nails and also needed for hormones and antibodies.

  12. Proteins Complete Protein 20 Amino Acids 11 nonessential – your body produces these naturally 9 essential – body cannot produce, must eat them! Complete protein – a food product that contains all 9 essential AAs Incomplete protein – does not contain all 9 essential AAs **Can combine foods together to make one complete protein* Incomplete Protein Put 2 incompletes together… 10-35% DV ○ 4 cal/g Make a complete!

  13. *Vitamins* Carbon-containing nutrients needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth. • Fat-soluble: stored in fat tissue, remain in body for long period of time. • A,D,E,K • Water-Soluble: dissolves in water, does not store well in body. • B1-B12, Folate, Biotin, C • Helps with body functions There can be too much of a good thing!!! Too many vitamins can be TOXIC to the body!!

  14. Minerals • Chemical elements that are essential in small amounts for good health. • Nutrient Deficiency is the state of not having enough of a nutrient to maintain good health. • Sodium causes high blood pressure, 500-2,400mg/day. • Calcium is found in dairy product, leafy green vegetables and calcium fortified foods (OJ).

  15. Water 60% of your body is made of water You should drink 8 glasses of water to make up for loss through: *sweating *waste *breathing Thirst Loss of appetite Dry Mouth Early signs of dehydration Headache Fatigue Dry Eyes

  16. Fiber • Complex carb that provides little energy, comes from fruits/veggies • Cannot be digested by humans • Removes bad cholesterol trapped in the intestines. Insoluble Fiber: Adds BULK to stool -Wheat bran, corn, skin Soluble Fiber: Adds VOLUME to stool -apples, bananas

  17. Cholesterol HDLs = Good (high density) Wraps up chol. and takes it to the liver to be removed from the blood Reduce risk of ♥ disease LDLs = Bad (low density) Brings chol. to the body via the blood stream Plaque forms from deposits Can block blood flow, cause ♥ disease Type of fat found in all human and animal tissues Needed for functions: make vit. D hormones bile/digestion Found in: meat/fish, poultry/eggs, dairy products

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