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A meal fit for a King

A meal fit for a King. The science behind what we eat Nutrition. In order for you to live, your cells (the building blocks of live) need to eat and breathe. Nutrition is the process in which the cell receives all that it needs to survive (O 2 , nutrients) and gets rid of all its waste.

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A meal fit for a King

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  1. A meal fit for a King The science behind what we eat Nutrition

  2. In order for you to live, your cells (the building blocks of live) need to eat and breathe. • Nutrition is the process in which the cell receives all that it needs to survive (O2, nutrients) and gets rid of all its waste.

  3. Nutrition groups together different systems in our body: • Digestive system: • breaks down the food we eat into essential nutrients, • Respiratory system: • provides O2 to the lungs • Circulatory and lymphatic system: • highways that transport nutrients and waste to their destination • Excretory system.

  4. What do you do, if you only have a ten dollar bill, and want a juice that cost 0.25$? The same must occur with our food. Our body can only take “0.25$”. What can our body use?

  5. In order for your body to use the food (10 dollar bill) it must be broken down into small particles called nutrients (“0.25$”), which can be absorbed in the blood stream. • The process of breaking down and absorbing food is called digestion.

  6. What are the functions of food? • Food – 3 functions • gives energy • builds and repairs tissues • regulates metabolism • Metabolism: combination of chemical reactions that occur in your body

  7. What are the different types of nutrients? 1. Proteins 2. Carbohydrates 3. Lipids 4. Water • Fiber: • Fiber is considered a type of carbohydrate • It attracts water to your stool but it is not completely digested • It prevents constipation (does not supply energy) 6. Minerals 7. Vitamins

  8. 2. Carbohydrates • Functions: • Short term energy supply • Carbohydrates (Carbs) are composed of glucose • They can be found in a)   foods that contain starch: (potatoes, rice, bread, meats, poultry, fish, nuts, eggs and tofu) b) foods that contains sugars: (yams, fruit, honey, vegetables)

  9. 3. Lipids • Functions: • Long term energy supply • Lipids are composed of glycerol and fatty acids • They can be found in Butter, animal and vegetable oil, certain meats, nuts and cheese

  10. 4. Water • Water is a pure substance • 60% of the body is made of water • Functions: • Regulates the metabolism • Contributes to chemical reactions within the body • As blood is made mostly of water, it contributes to the transportation of different elements • They can be found in Liquids, fruits and vegetables

  11. 5. Fiber • Functions: • Prevents constipation • They are made of cellulose and other non-starch polysaccharides • They can be found in The skin of fruits and vegetables

  12. 6. Minerals • Functions: • Regulates the metabolism • Enter in the repair and growth of bones, cartilage, teeth and nerves • Minerals are made of simple chemical elements. • They can be found in Fruits, vegetables, legumes, milk, meats and fish

  13. 7.Vitamins • There are 13 types of vitamins • (A, B, C, D, E, K and so on) • Functions: • Regulates metabolism e.g. Vitamin A allows to see in the dark. Vitamin C allows for healthy teeth and gums. • They can be found in Fruits, vegetables, meats and their substitutes, milk, nuts, eggs, grains.

  14. Energy in food • Food gives us energy. • But how much energy do we need? • But how much energy can food give us? • Energy is measured in kJ. • Energy of the food comes from the destruction of the bonds between the molecules.

  15. What about energy? • On average an adolescent, needs 10 500 kJ/day to keep up daily activities. However, this value depends on each individual, their basic metabolism and their physical activities. • Basal metabolism: • How much energy your body needs to maintain the vital functions (breathing, heart beating, cellular activity) • On average a man requires 7000 kJ to maintain vital functions, and 5 500 kJ for a woman

  16. Daily amount of Nutrients • Proteins: 15% of your kJ intake • Carbohydrates: 55% of you kJ intake • Lipids: 30% of your kJ intake • For a healthy diet of someone who weighs approximately 65kg this corresponds to the following kJ values…

  17. Energy of Nutrients 17kJ 17kJ 37 kJ

  18. C is for Cookie? Or Calculation?

  19. Cookies: Protein 2.1 g Fat 7.7 g Carbs 24 g 2.1 g x 17 = 35.7 kJ 7.7g x 37 = 284.9 kJ 24 g x 17 = 408 kJ Total: = 728.6 kJ C is for Cookie… • Function: • These cookies are therefore an energy producer but are also very high in fat

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