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Brazilian Political Parties The Struggle to Institutionalize

Brazilian Political Parties The Struggle to Institutionalize. Brazilian Territory. Attitude toward Getulio Vargas as the divide Pro Vargas PTB (Brazilian Workers’ Party) top down PSD` Anti Vargas UDN (National Democratic Union) Personalism

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Brazilian Political Parties The Struggle to Institutionalize

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  1. Brazilian Political PartiesThe Struggle to Institutionalize

  2. Brazilian Territory

  3. Attitude toward Getulio Vargas as the divide • Pro Vargas • PTB (Brazilian Workers’ Party) top down • PSD` • Anti Vargas • UDN (National Democratic Union) • Personalism • Ademar de Barros (Sao Paulo) Social Progressive Party Political Parties in Second Wave Democracy (1946-66)

  4. Elections of 1966: Vargas Parties Win • Military Dictates Two Party System • ARENA • MDB Political Parties Under the Military Government: First Phase

  5. Modifications of November 1981 • Brizola & PDT • PT (Workers’ Party) and the metal workers (LULA) • Ivette Vargas – PTB (not same as earlier PTB) • Split in Arena leads to election of Trancredo Neves Military Regime Loses Control of Party System

  6. Jose Sarney (1985-1990) • Leader of ARENA in the senate throughout most of military regime • Godfather of Northeast Brazil • Split from government party to form PFL (Liberal Front) • PMBD (suspicious of Sarney but wanted patronage) Military Regime Regains Control

  7. Cruzado Plan brings economic stability and legitimizes Sarney • November 1986 election • PMDB captures 22 governorships • PMDB controls constitutional convention • Sarney’s backing away from Cruzado Plan discredits PMDB/PFL governing coalition Transition to Competitive Party Politics

  8. Presidential Elections 1989/90Round 1 Left: Lula (PT) eclipses Brizola (PDT) Right: Collor unifies the right with the help of the media

  9. Presidential Elections 1989/90Round 2 • Collor defeats Lula Collor Flies high & crashes

  10. PT • National organization • Tied to labor union movement • PDT • Regionally based (Rio de Janeiro/South) • Remnants of Vargas organizations • PSB • Leftist intellectuals Brazilian Political Parties: After Collor: Left

  11. PSDB (Brazilian Social Democratic Party • Social Democratic ideology (center-left, similar to Democratic Party in the USA) • Formed in 1988 from PMDB dissidents • Led by Henrique Cardoso • PMDB • Successor to MDB • Tied to state political machines • Strongly personalist Political Parties after Collor: The Brazilian Center

  12. PTB (different than pre-1964 PTB) • Reorganized by Ivete Vargas in 1981 • PFL (Liberal Front Party) • Split in Arena to back candidacy of Trancredo Neves • PPB (Brazilian Progressive Party) • formed in 1995 • Some ruminants of ARENA Brazilian Political Parties after Collor: Center Right

  13. 1994 Presidential Election • Itamar Franco as a caretaker president • Another accidental presidency • Fernando Henrique Cardoso as architect of economic recovery {Real Plan} • Voting in 1994 • One Round Only • Cardoso 54% • Luis Inacio “Lula” de Silva 27%

  14. President Fernando Henrique Carsodo • Rio de Janeiro native • Son of an Army officer • Spent much of the military regime in exile

  15. Fernando Henrique Cardoso Reelected • One Round Only • Luis Inacio “Lula” de Silva 32% • Cardoso 53% • Winning coalition • Social Democrats (PSDB) • Liberal Front (PFL) party of Jose Sarney • Labor Party (PTB) party of Ivette Vargas Presidential Election of 1998

  16. 1998 Election Results

  17. Birthplace: Caetes, Pernambuco (27 October 1945 • Family migrated to Sao Paulo • Political Party (PT) • Coalition Partners • : PC do B, PRB, PMDB, PL, PSB, PP, PMN Presidential Election of 2002 Winner:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

  18. Candidates Votes %1st round Votes % 2nd round Luis Ignacio Lula da Silva 39,436,099 46.4 2,772,475 61.3 (PT, PL, PC do B, PMN, PCB, PV) Jose Serra 19,694,843 23.2 33,356.860 38.7 (PSDB, PMDB,PP) Anthony Garotinho 15,176,204 17.9 (PSB, PGT ,PCB) Summary of the 6 October and 27 October 2002 Brazil presidential election results

  19. Candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) Resigned from his position as governor of Sao Paulo to run for president Geraldo Alckmin: Opposition to Lula 2006 Presidential Election

  20. 2006 Presidential Election: Lula again – two rounds

  21. 2010 -Presidential Debate: Round 1

  22. Lula Backs Dilma 1000%

  23. Round 2 Presidential – 2010

  24. Geographic Distribution of Support: Round 2 – Presidential 2010

  25. Hundreds of supporters celebrate DilmaRousseff's victory on Paulista Avenue in São Paulo

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