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Improving School Nutrition A Presentation for School Board Members Judy Terry, MPH student

Improving School Nutrition A Presentation for School Board Members Judy Terry, MPH student Walden University PH 6165-5 Instructor: Dr. Donald Goodwin Fall, 2009. Improving School Nutrition (in Grades 9-12) What Should You Know and How Can You Help?.

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Improving School Nutrition A Presentation for School Board Members Judy Terry, MPH student

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  1. Improving School Nutrition A Presentation for School Board Members Judy Terry, MPH student Walden University PH 6165-5 Instructor: Dr. Donald Goodwin Fall, 2009

  2. Improving School Nutrition • (in Grades 9-12) • What Should You Know and How Can You Help?

  3. Role of the School Board Member in School Nutrition (Hess, 2002) Serve your community and protect its students Ensure healthy nutrition options are available Support nutritional programs in the schools Be involved and set an example

  4. Learning Objectives Identify the contributing factors leading to childhood obesity Understand the need for improved nutrition in the school Describe the current status of school nutrition Outline recommendations for a good school nutrition program Identify ways in which you can support the implementation of a healthy nutrition program in your school district

  5. Obesity Definition: Body Mass Index (BMI) (CDC, 2009a) Calculation of body fat using height and weight Obesity = >95% percentile for children

  6. Obesity (CDC, 2009b)

  7. Obesity Prevalence: 13% of High School Students (CDC, 2008a) 16.3% males 9.6% females

  8. Obesity Prevalence by Race (CDC, 2008a) Black 18.3% Hispanic 16.6% White 10.8% Tripled in past 30 years (Daniels, Jacobson, McCrindle, Eckel & Sanner, 2009)

  9. Health Health Consequences (Daniels et al., 2009) Cardiovascular Disease Diabetes Asthma Stroke Sleep Apnea Cancer

  10. Psychosocial Cultural and Societal Consequences (CDC, 2008b) Body Image Nutrition Ate fruits and vegetables-21.4% Drinking milk-14.1% Trying to lose weight-45.2%

  11. (CDC, 2008c)

  12. Psychosocial Cultural and Societal Consequences Psychosocial (Daniels et al., 2009) Self-Esteem Bullying Depression School Performance

  13. Contributing Factors to Obesity and Poor Nutrition Genetics (CDC, 2009a) Metabolism (USDHHS, 2000) Socioeconomic Status (Johnson-Down, O’Loughlin, Koski, & Gray-Donald, 1997)(Vieweg, Johnson, Lanier, Fernandez, & Pandurangi, 2007)

  14. Contributing Factors to Obesity and Poor Nutrition Home Environment ( CDC, 2009a) Day Care-80%

  15. Contributing Factors to Obesity and Poor Nutrition Physical Activity (CDC, 2008b) P.E. Classes – 53.6% Television Viewing >3 Hrs per day-35.4% Computer Use > 3 Hrs per day-24.9%

  16. Contributing Factors to Obesity and Poor (CDC, 2008d)

  17. Current Status of School Nutrition Vending Machines (O’Toole, Anderson, Miller, & Guthrie, 2007) 89.4% High Schools Beverages (O’Toole et al., 2007) Soda Pop Fruit Juices Competitive Foods (GAO, 2005)

  18. Healthy People 2010 (USDHHS, 2000) Healthy People 2010 Goal: To reduce childhood obesity to 5 percent Goal: Reduce chronic diseases associated with obesity

  19. Nutritional Programs National School Lunch Program – 1946 (GAO, 2005) 28 Million School Breakfast Program – 1975 (GAO, 2005) 8 Million Lower BMI (Gleason, Briefel, Wilson, & Dodd, 2009) School Meals Initiative for Healthy Children – 1995 (GAO, 2005) Emphasis on Education Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act – 2004 (Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004) Wellness Policies

  20. Recommendations for Improving School Nutrition(Ralston, Buzby, & Guthrie, 2003) Assess your school district’s health Provide healthy food choices in school Allow student input to menu choices Provide access to drinking water in schools Promote growing and consumption of local produce Allow time for students to eat Improve cafeteria ambiance Allow time for physical activity Educate teachers, children, and parents

  21. What Can School Board Members Do? (O’Toole et al., 2007) Support provision of healthy food choices Support nutrition education Support physical education Support teachers Support funding Be involved and set an example

  22. Recap of Learning Objectives Identify the contributing factors leading to childhood obesity Understand the need for improved nutrition in the school Describe the current status of school nutrition Outline recommendations for a good school nutrition program Identify ways in which you can support the implementation of a healthy nutrition program in your school district

  23. Additional Resources Websites: American Heart Association at: www.americanheart.org Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at: www.cdc.gov Education Development Center at: www.edc.org Institute of Medicine at: www.iom.edu National School Boards Association at: www.nsba.org School Nutrition Association at: www.schoolnutrition.org U.S. Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service at: www.fns.usda.gov

  24. References CDC. (2008a). Healthy youth! YRBSS Youth Online: Comprehensive Results. Centers for Disease Control. Atlanta, GA. Retrieved 10/29/09 from: http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/yrbss/QuestYearTable.asp?path=byHT&ByVar=CI&cat=5&quest=507&year=2007&loc=XX CDC. (2008b). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance-United States, 2007. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 57. No. SS-4. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/yrbs/pdf/yrbss07_mmwr.pdf CDC. (2008c) Trends in the prevalence of obesity, dietary behaviors, and weight control practices national YRBS: 1991-2007. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/pdf/yrbs07_us_obesity_diet_wt_control_trend.pdf CDC. (2008d). Trends in the prevalence of physical activity national YRBS: 1991-2007. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/pdf/yrbs07_us_physical_activity_trend.pdf

  25. References CDC. (2009a). Childhood overweight and obesity. Centers for Disease Control. Atlanta, GA. Retrieved 10/11/09 from: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/index.html CDC.(2009b). About BMI for children and teens. Centers for Disease Control. Atlanta, GA. Retrieved 10/29/09 from: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/childrens_bmi/about_childrens_bmi.html Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004, Pub. L. No. 108-265, § 118, Stat. 729 (2004). Retrieved from: http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Governance/Legislation/Historical/PL_108-265.pdf Daniels, S., Jacobson, M., McCrindle, B., Eckel, R. & Sanner, B. (2009). American Heart Association Childhood Obesity Research Summit. Circulation. 119:2114-2123. Available at: http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/119/15/2114

  26. References: GAO. (2005). School meal programs. Competitive foods are widely available and generate substantial revenues for schools. (Report No GAO-05-563). Government Accountability Office. Retrieved from: http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-05-563 Gleason, P. Briefel, R., Wilson, A., & Dodd, A. (2009). School meal program participation and its association with dietary patterns and childhood obesity (Report No. 55). United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/Publications/CCR55/ Hess, F. M. (2002). School boards at the dawn of the 21st century. Conditions and challenges of district governance. A report prepared for the National School Boards Association. Retrieved from: http://www.nsba.org/MainMenu/ResourceCenter/SurveysStudiesandEvaluations/SchoolBoardsattheDawnofthe21stCentury.aspx Johnson-Down, L., O’Loughlin, J., Koski, K., & Gray-Donald, K. (1997). High prevalence of obesity in low income and multiethnic schoolchildren: A diet and physical activity assessment. The Journal of Nutrition. 127(12), 2310-2315. Retrieved from: http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/127/12/2310

  27. References O’Toole, T., Anderson, S., Miller, C., & Guthrie, J. (2007). Nutrition services and foods and beverages available at school: results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. Journal of School Health. 77(8): 500-521. Available at: http://www.ashaweb.org/files/public/JOSH_1007/JOSH_77_8_o_toole_p_500.pdf Ralston, K., Buzby, J., & Guthrie, J. (2003). A healthy school meal environment (Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Report 34-5). United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/fanrr34/fanrr34-5/fanrr34-5.pdf USDHHS. (2000). Healthy People 2010. 2nd edition. Volume 2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Washington, D.C. Available at: http://healthypeople.gov/Document/pdf/Volume2/19Nutrition.pdf.

  28. References Vieweg, V., Johnson, C., Lanier, J., Fernandez, A., & Pandurangi, A. (2007). Correlation between high risk obesity groups and low socioeconomic status in school children. Southern Medical Journal. 100(1). Retrieved from: http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Correlation+between+high+risk+obesity+groups+and+low+socioeconomic...-a0158957732

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