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--------英语中的部分否定 高三英语语法复习 惠安三中 杨萍萍
英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法： 一、 all 的否定式：not all…（或：all…not）表示\"并非都……\"、\"不是所有的都……\"例如： Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。 Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长很高。 二、 both 的否定式：not…both (或：both… not) \"并非两个……都……\" 例如： I don\'t want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。
三、 every…的否定式：\"不是每……都……\" 例如： Not every book is educative. (或：Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。 四、 always的否定式：\"并非总是（并非一直）……\" 例如： He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。
五、 entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式：“不完全……”，“并非完全……”例如： The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。 He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。 I don‘t agree completely. 我并不完全同意。 What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。 六、 all the time 的否定式："并非一直……"、"未必老是……" 例如： A foolish man does not make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。
七、 not…and…的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。 例如： He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确。 This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。 She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。 如果将and 换成or，not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。 He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。
如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)… at all 等。例如： All of them can do it.--- None of them can do it. Both are good.---Neither is good. Everybody likes it. ---Nobody likes it. He is always late. --- He is never late. We don't trust them entirely. --- We never trust them at all. He was here all the time. --- He was never here.
常用结构：neither……nor既不……也不……either……or不是……就是……neither……nor是表示完全否定，either……or是部分否定。例 neither he nor i am the student. either he or i am the student. 注意谓语动词，这两种结构跟的谓语动词都是就近原则，以最近的词为主，是什么就是什么。 either也可以当“也"讲，放在否定句句末。
部分否定和全部否定 1.Not all birds can fly. =All birds can not fly =Some birds can’t fly 不是所有的鸟都会飞 有全体意义的代词和副词 all , every (及派生词).both ,always 等,它们用于否定结构,只表示部分否定. 应译作 “一切……不都是”或 “并非一切…都是” 。
1) I don't know all of them. 2) I don't like both of the books. 3) Not every student goes to the farm on Sundays. 4) Not everyone in our class likes football. 我并不全认识他们。 这两本书我并不都喜欢。 并非每个学生星期天都去农场。 在我们班并非每个人都喜欢足球。
2. No birds can fly. =Birds can’t fly. 所有的鸟都不会飞(全部否定). * No men can fly.
若要表示全部否定，则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。若要表示全部否定，则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。 all → none（一个人也没有、没有任何东西）， both → neither（两个都不）， every → no, everyone → no one(nobody), everything → nothing等。
I know none of them. • 2) I like neither of the books. • 3)No student goes to the farm on Sundays. • 4) No one/ Nobody in our class likes • football. 他们我都不认识。 这两本书我都不喜欢。 星期天没有学生去农场。 我们班没有人喜欢足球。
解释下列句子 1.Not all men can swim. 2.Not all Chinese people like beef. 3.I don’t kown all of them. =All men can not swim. =All Chinese people don’t like beef. =I only know some of them,not all.
变否定句 1)All of them can do it. 2)Both are good. 3)Everybody likes it. 4)He is always late. 5)We don't trust them entirely. 6) He was here all the time. --- None of them can do it. ---Neither is good. ---Nobody likes it. --- He is never late. --- We never trust them at all. --- He was never here.
Come on Tuesday or Wednesday. Either day is OK. 星期二或星期三来吧。这两天中哪一天都行。 代词pron. 二者之一 one of two people or things Either of these words is correct.这两个词都是正确的。 You can take either (one ).这两个,你可以任意挑选。 Either of them can speak English.他俩都会说英语。 either
either...or或者…或者，不是…就是words to show two different things or people that you can choose
Either come in at once or leave. 要么马上进来，要么离开。 You can have either the apple or the orange. 你可以吃苹果，也可以吃橘子。 We are going to visit a steel plant either this week or next week. 这星期或下星期我们要去参观炼钢厂。Either my father or brother is coming. 我父亲来，要不然就是我的兄弟来
Either come in or go out. 进来或者出去请自便。 Do you speak either French or German? 你会说法语或德语吗？ He is either in London or in Paris. 他要么在伦敦，要么在巴黎。 Either you leave this house or I'll call the police. 你要不离开这座房子，我就去叫警察来。
