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Quaestio : How were the Crusades viewed by Crusaders, Muslims, and others?

Quaestio : How were the Crusades viewed by Crusaders, Muslims, and others?.

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Quaestio : How were the Crusades viewed by Crusaders, Muslims, and others?

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  1. Quaestio: How were the Crusades viewed by Crusaders, Muslims, and others? Nunc Agenda: You are a young knight who has just heard the speech by Pope Urban II, and you have decided to join the Crusade. Write a short note you will leave behind for your family explaining your decision. (3 minutes)

  2. First Crusade (1095-1099) • During their overland journey to the Holy Land, Crusader armies, led by nobles, stopped in Constantinople, met Emperor Alexius, and promised him the land they conquered • After a 9-month siege, Crusaders conquered Antioch, slaughtered Muslim inhabitants, and pillaged the city • They did not return the land to Alexius

  3. First Crusade (1095-1099) • They continued south conquering cities including Jerusalem, which Muslims and Jews fought together to defend • Four “Crusader States” were established: • The County of Edessa • The Principality of Antioch • The County of Tripoli • The Kingdom of Jerusalem • Landless Nobles now had lands of their own

  4. Second Crusade (1147-1149) • After almost fifty years of relative peace, Muslims reconquered Edessa, sparking a new Crusade • The King of France and the King of Germany each led armies to attack Damascus in Syria, but they were defeated, AND Damascus joined with the Seljuks against the Crusaders • (Crusade Fail!)

  5. Third Crusade (1187-1192) • Muslim weakness  lack of unity • Seljuks controlled Syria, Fatimids controlled Egypt • 1147- Saladin (Salahuddin) became leader of both Egypt and Syria, reconquered Jerusalem and other Crusader lands for the Muslims

  6. Third Crusade (1187-1192) • In response, Pope called for Third Crusade • HRE Frederick I Barbarossa, French King Philip II of France, and King Richard the Lionheart of England led armies to take back Jerusalem, but they were unsuccessful • Saladin agreed to allow Christian pilgrims into Jerusalem

  7. Fourth Crusade (1202-1204) • Pope Innocent III called for a Fourth Crusade • Lacking the funds to go all the way to Jerusalem, the Crusaders instead sacked Christian Constantinople and established a Latin Empire in Byzantine land • There were other smaller Crusades in the following years but they had little impact

  8. The Crusades Through Their Eyes Classwork/Pensa: • The documents on your worksheet are primary sources from the Crusades showing differing perspectives. Work with a partner to read the documents and answer the questions.

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