1 / 21

使用被动语态的情况

Unit 7 被动语态. 使用被动语态的情况. 1) 我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁的时候(这时不带 by 引起的短语)。 Printing was introduced to Europe from China. ( 省略了 by 短语。） Look! There is nothing here. Everything has been taken away. ( 省略了 by 短语。）. 2)当我们出于礼貌、措辞圆通等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁时。

karsen
Download Presentation

使用被动语态的情况

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 7被动语态 使用被动语态的情况 1)我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁的时候(这时不带by引起的短语)。 Printing was introduced to Europe from China.(省略了by短语。） Look! There is nothing here. Everything has been taken away. (省略了by短语。） 2)当我们出于礼貌、措辞圆通等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁时。 You are requested to give a performance. You are cordially(诚挚地）invited to a party to be given at the Teachers' Club at 3 p.m. Nov. 23. 3)当我们强调或兴趣在动作的承受者时(这时可带by引起的短语)。 The song was composed（组成, 写作）by a student. A good time was had by all.

  2. 被动语态的构成 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以give为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 一般现在时：am/is/are＋given 　　【例句】 The first section of New College English is designed for speaking practice and is based on pictures and topics. 一般过去时：was/were＋given 　　【例句】 These computers were made in our own country. 一般将来时：will/shall be＋given 　　【例句】 Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony? 　　Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ____to the nation. (CET-4 1996, 6) 　　A) has left B) is to leave　C) leaves D) is to be left 本句意思为：78岁的Denis先生声明他将把他的大多数收藏品留给国家。所以leave应用一般将来时的被动形式。一般将来时可以用来be to do sth表达，因此答案为D.

  3. 过去将来时：would be＋given 　　【例句】 The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 现在进行时：am/is/are being＋given 　　【例句】 The machine is being repaired in the workshop. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now. ( CET-4 1996,1) 　　A) developed B) have developed C) are being developed D) will have been developed 本句测试点是动词的时态和语态。develop和perfect是两个并列的谓语动词，perfect用的是被动形式，develop也应该用被动形式，而且句子的时间状语为now，故develop应用现在进行时的被动语态，答案为C。 过去进行时：was/were being＋given 　　【例句】 The feast was being prepared when the birds arrived in the sky 现在完成时：has/have been＋given 　　【例句】 Swift progress has also been made in culture and education.

  4. 过去完成时：had been＋given 【例句】 The huge bridge had been damaged before the World WarⅡ. 将来完成时：will/shall have been＋given 【例句】 The book will have been published by the end of next month. 含有情态动词的动词变成被动语态：情态动词+be +过去分词 This problem can be solved. 这问题可解决。 What’s done cannot be undone. 覆水难收。 George might be sent to American by his company in August. 公司可能八月份派乔治去美国。 或类似结构（be going to, have to 等）变成被动语态： This room is going to be painted next week. 这个房间下周粉刷。 Go away! I want to be left alone.走开！我想独自待一会儿。

  5. 一些特殊的被动语态 1、有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语(指人的宾语）。  They didn’t offer Annthe job. Ann wasn’t offered the job. 安未得到这工作。 2、在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to. They make her clean the floor.  She is made to clean the floor by them. We saw a stranger walk into the building.  A stranger was seen to walk into the building.

  6. 3. It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 (=主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth) 表示：据说/据报道/据悉/据信等……。 例： 据说这个男孩已经通过了这次的全国性的比赛。 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. The boy is said to have passed the national exam. 据报道这所大学的百分之六十的学生已经过了英语6级。 It was reported that 60% students in the university had passed CET-6. 60% students in the university were reported to have passed CET-6. 但：It ______that there was a car over there. A.so happened B.so happens c.is so happened D.was so happened 答案： A. happen 是不及物动词，无被动语态。 4、be supposed to (suppose: vt. 推想, 假设, 猜想) supposed:假定的, 推测的;意图的 1)据说（=be said to) , 如： Let’s go and see that film. It’s supposed to be very good. 我们一起去看那电影好吗？ 人们都说它不错。

  7. He is supposed to have stolen $1 000. 人们说他偷了一千美元。 2）计划、安排。如： I’d better hurry. It’s nearly 8 o,clock. I’m supposed to be meeting Tom at 8:15. 我要快些了。现在差不多8点钟了。我原计划8点一刻去接汤姆。 3）be not supposed to 表示“不允许”等。如： You are not supposed to park here. 这儿不允许停车。 7.3.5 动词get代替 it. （ get往往用在口语中。） 酒馆里发生了打斗，幸好无人受伤。 There was a fight at the pub, but fortunately nobody got (=was)hurt. get + done 同 be+done 的区别： get done 往往表示行为不是计划之中，而是意外发生的。如： The dog got run over by a car. 狗被汽车辗死了。

  8. 昨晚的暴风雨中有房子受损吗？ Did any of these houses get damaged in the storm last night?

  9. 不可以变成被动语态： 1、某些感官动词加形容词及少数其他的动词可以表示被动意义。 cook,,, smell, taste, wash, write, prove.,shut，sell ,read,write The dish tastes delicious. The play reads better than it acts. The apple smells sweet. The theory proved right at last. The book is so interesting that it sell well. “Sell”此处为不及物动词“销售起来、有销路”的意思；作及物动词为“卖、出售”） This kind of cloth washes well.(耐洗) The pen writes smoothly写起来流利。. 2.Need+V-ing 表示“主语承受动词发出的动作”，表示被动意义。 我的车需要修理。 My car needs repairing(=need to be repared). （need doing 和 need to do 区别： 3、某些表示状态或者特征的及物动词没有被动语态形式。这类动词常见的有：beg，equal，fail，hold，possess，fit，become，contain，cost，fit， have，lack，resemble(相似)，suit等。 This new English-Chinese dictionary cost me ten dollars.

  10. 4。通常只有及物动词（组）才有被动语态，不及物动词没有。（但见第1点）4。通常只有及物动词（组）才有被动语态，不及物动词没有。（但见第1点） 如：战争爆发了。可以说： The war broke out . 但不能说：The war was broke out. 又如：房子着火了。 • A fire____in that factory yesterday . • was broken out B.had broken out • C. broke out D.has broken out

  11. 被动结构与系表结构的区别 “be＋过去分词”这个结构并不都是被动语态，也可能是系表结构。被动语态与系表结构主要区别是：被动结构表示一个动作，而系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态，试比较下面的句子： 被动结构 The enemy was soon surrounded by us. 系表结构 The house is surrounded by trees. 被动结构 She was bitten by the dog in the darkness. 系表结构 I was excited by the news that my husband got promoted.

More Related