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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates. Structure and Function. Diversity of Carbohydrates. Structure of Some Simple Carbohydrates (Monosaccharide's). Observe the shape of the molecule Ring shape Observe the side branches Some end in –H and some in –OH

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Carbohydrates

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  1. Carbohydrates Structure and Function

  2. Diversity of Carbohydrates

  3. Structure of Some Simple Carbohydrates (Monosaccharide's) • Observe the shape of the molecule • Ring shape • Observe the side branches • Some end in –H and some in –OH • The relationship between the –C and the –H and –OH bonds determines the nature and properties of the sugar

  4. Glucose (Alpha)

  5. Simply by changing the location of the –OH and –H bond you change the compound slightly so that it has slightly different properties.

  6. Glucose (Beta)

  7. Another sugar is formed by swapping the -CH2OH group at position 6 with the –H at position 1 and at the same time swapping the –H and –OH groups at position 2 and 3. this would give rise to fructose

  8. Fructose

  9. Disaccharides • Two monosaccharides may combine to form a disaccharide. • The sugar formed would have entirely different properties of its individual monomer units example Sucrose results from a union between glucose and fructose • Research Glycosidic Link • Other examples include Maltose and Lactose

  10. Sucrose

  11. Glycosidic Bond

  12. Research Topic (250 Words) • How sweet is sugar? • Sweetness in relation to industrial uses • Sweetness in relation to low calorie diets • What other types of substances can be used that are just as sweet as sugar?

  13. Polysaccharides • The best know polysaccharides are the polymers of glucose: starch, glycogen and cellulose. • Research Topic: How are the substances listed below similar and how are they different. • Starch • Glycogen • Cellulose • Relate structure to function

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