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PROKARYOTES

PROKARYOTES. General Phylogeny. Domain Variations. Archaea. Halobacteria. Halobacteria. Halobacteria. Archaea. Thermophiles. Archaea. Methanogens. Bacterial Morphology. Coccus Bacillus Spiral. Bacterial Morphology. Coccus Diplococcus Streptococcus Staphylococcus.

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PROKARYOTES

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  1. PROKARYOTES

  2. General Phylogeny

  3. Domain Variations

  4. Archaea Halobacteria Halobacteria Halobacteria

  5. Archaea Thermophiles

  6. Archaea Methanogens

  7. Bacterial Morphology Coccus Bacillus Spiral

  8. Bacterial Morphology • Coccus • Diplococcus • Streptococcus • Staphylococcus

  9. Gram Staining Crystal Violet Iodine Ethanol Safranin + -

  10. A C B F E G D I J H

  11. Endospores • DNA, ribosomes, and some cytoplasm encased • Bacterial defense against temperature, pH, chemicals, and aridity

  12. Genetic Recombination: Conjugation F+ Pilus (Conjugation Bridge) F+ F-

  13. Genetic Recombination:Transduction Host DNA

  14. Nutrition Carbon Source CO2 Org Cmpds Compounds Energy Source Light

  15. Cyanobacteria • Photoautotrophic • Heterocysts • N2 Fixation

  16. When Bacteria Attack Exotoxins • Poisons released to weaken host • Clostridium botulinum • Clostridium tetani • Vibriocholerae

  17. When Bacteria Attack • Endotoxins • Poisons located in outer membrane • Escherichia coli • Salmonella

  18. Review Q’s • Bacteria cannot grow in temperatures above 100oC, so why is pressure cooking at 120oC and 15-20psi necessary for sterilization? • Contrast chemoautotrophism and chemoheterotrophism. • Carbon fixation : mesophyll cells : nitrogen fixation :: _________ • Would you rather be infected by a Gram+ or a Gram- bacterium?

  19. Review A’s • Some Gram+ bacteria can form endospores and resist boiling. The combination of heat and high pressure can kill them, though. • Chemoautotrophism– Chemical energy source and CO2 carbon source. Chemoheterotrophism – Chemical energy source and organic carbon source. • Carbon fixation : mesophyll cells : nitrogen fixation :: heterocysts • Gram+ because they are more likely to be susceptible to antibiotics, and Gram- can contain endotoxins. OR Gram- because some Gram+ can form endospores.

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