Broadband Connectivity to Aircraft

1. Broadband Connectivity to Aircraft Satellite Systems Supporting the Modernization of Civil Aviation Telecommunications Systems David Weinreich Senior Manager ITU-R Activities International Regulatory Affairs Connexion by BoeingSM 9 September, 2004

2. What does Connexion by BoeingSM Enable? • In-flight travel and destination information • Live video distribution (News, Financial, Sports and Entertainment) • Real-time aviation security information • Real-time two-way, high-speed Internet and e-mail • Broadband corporate Intranet access • E-commerce

3. Current and Potential E-enabled Applications • Flight Operations • Electronic Flight Bag • Weight & Balance • Performance Data • Operational Checklists • Access to Flight Information services • Charts and Maps • Crew e-mail • Airline specific tools • Security • Passengers • e-Mail (real-time) • Intranet / Internet • News/Sports • e-Commerce • Cargo • Customs Clearance • Cargo/Baggage monitoring • Maintenance • Maintenance documentation • Maintenance improvements • Aircraft Health Monitoring • Electronic logbook • Data loading • e-Mail (real-time) • Operational s/w and data bases storage • Flight Operations Quality Assurance download • Equipment List • Cabin Crew • Passenger data base • Crew e-Mail • Cabin E – Logbook • A/C Documentation • Credit Card validation • Cabin inventory • Quality monitoring • Reservations • Security

4. Forward Link Multiple Ku-Band Transponders • One forward link signal per transponder • A transponder will carry data for multiple aircraft • Aircraft receive the transponder signal and accept data addressed to it • Multiple transponders may be used in a region • Each aircraft may receive from multiple transponders Transponder #1 Transponder #2 Transponder #3 Many Aircraft Transponder #N ~5 Mbps each Transponders added as fleet grows

5. Return Link Multiple Ku-Band Transponders • Each aircraft is assigned to one transponder • Multiple aircraft may share one transponder using multiple access codes • NOC manages aggregate EIRP for FSS protection • Multiple transponders may be used for return links in a coverage region Transponder #N Transponder #1 Code #1 Code #2 Code #3 Transponder #1 ... Code #1 Transponder #N Code #2 16 kbps to 1024 kbps per A/C Code #3 Transponders added as fleet grows

6. Aircraft Earth Station • Data Rate • Forward link: 5 Mbps per transponder (may receive multiple transponders) • Return link: up to 1 Mbps • Frequency • 14.0 - 14.5 GHz Uplink • 10.7 - 12.7 GHz Downlink • Antenna • Phased array, or • Reflector • Modem • Offset-QPSK (similar to DVB) • Spread to ~90% of transponder bandwidth • Reduced interference potential • DSSS return link

7. North Atlantic North North Pacific North Pacific (NA) America (NA) Mid Asian Indian South Corridor Subcont. Atlantic Mexico/ Central Africa America South Southeast Pacific Southwest South Asia Pacific Pacific CbB Global Service Coverage Central Asia North North Europe Pacific Pacific (Asia) (Asia) - Middle East South America Australia

8. Broadband Connectivity to Aircraft What will Broadband Connectivity accomplish for Aviation Communications? • Broadband Connectivity will allow more and better communications for passengers and airline companies which will result in increased and better • Security • Efficiency • Passenger Satisfaction

9. Broadband Connectivity to Aircraft Why is Broadband Connectivity necessary? • Advanced aeronautical systems are producing – and relying on - ever increasing amounts of data that are used to improve their ease of use, effectiveness and efficiency. • Often at times it is necessary to communicate these data to external entities in order to achieve the advantages that these advanced systems bring. • These facts apply to all advanced systems including aircraft operation and communications.

10. Broadband Connectivity to Aircraft How is Broadband Connectivity better than the systems currently in use? Broadband Connectivity allows more data to be transferred in a smaller amount of time. Broadband Connectivity allows better and more complete information to be delivered. • In flight equipment monitoring, telemetered to the ground, can flag potential problems and permit provisioning of repair parts in advance of landing leading to more efficient turn-around times. Broadband Connectivity enables higher fidelity and advanced status reporting that results in more comfortable and more efficient operations. • Weather information, including detailed maps, would lead to more comfortable flights.

11. Broadband Connectivity to Aircraft What are the potential applications of Broadband Connectivity? • Enhanced on-board Equipment Status Reporting • Improved Access to real time Weather Data, both En route and Terminal • Transfer of Updated Navigation Charts • Airport and Airway Status Updates • On-Board Video Surveillance, sent to the ground, for Improved Security • Video Tele-Medical Assistance for both Passengers and Crew

12. Broadband Connectivity to Aircraft Broadband Connectivity to Aircraft will enable more secure, more efficient and more comfortable flying by allowing improved communications that will facilitate better flight status information, improved maintenance, enhanced on-board security and improved crew and passenger communication.