Medical, Technological, and Communication Advances

1. Medical, Technological, and Communication Advances

2. While factories and mines sprang up across the continents, scientists continued to make advances in other areas, including medicine. vaccines small pox • In 1796, Edward Jenner first proved the practicality of ______________ to stop the spread of disease. He first used this to help combat __________. However, because of the unproven aspects of the procedure, it wasn't until __________________ explained how it worked that it became common practice. Pasteur explained how introducing small amounts of dead or weakened ___________ into a body causes the host to produce antibodies, which fight against the disease. These antibodies will stay with the host until that person dies, preventing them from contracting the disease. Pasteur also developed the process of ________________________, which prevented foods from spoiling quickly. Louis Pasteur bacteria pasteurization

3. cultivating drinking water Antiseptic anesthesia • In 1882, German doctor Robert Koch developed the method of ____________ bacteria so scientists can study them. From this process, he derived that keeping _____________________free from bacteria helped in the prevention of disease. • Surgery became safer during this period, too. ___________________ was used to sterilize operating theaters, while ___________________ began to make surgery safer for the patient, reducing the risk of shock and decreasing the amount of time needed to recover. • Men and women across the globe discovered the importance of ___________________________. They began to change their clothes regularly, and showered more often. • Overall, these advances led to an increase in the population of the world. While birthrates did not necessarily increase, more people lived longer than before. personal hygiene

5. transportation When factories and towns started to spring up, the need for better ________________ and _______________________ systems also increased. Businesses needed to be able to transport their goods to markets on different continents. Several ideas helped make this a reality. communication • The most significant development revolved around the invention of _______________. Along with the ___________________, steam power revolutionized transportation. Business used this to power _________ and ____________, decreasing transportation time and costs to the consumers. steam power steam engine boats trains

6. Soon, ________________ crisscrossed the continents. Trains proved to be an efficient way to move ___________________ and _______________ quickly. railroads heavy materials people • During the 1880's, German inventors Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler developed the __________________ powered combustion engine. Soon thereafter, this was used to power _________________. gasoline automobiles

7. telegraph • Many new items were invented that helped to improve communication. Items such as the ________________, invented by Samuel Morse and William Cooke, the ___________________, developed by Alexander Graham Bell, and the _______________, first introduced by Giglielmo Marconi all allowed the communication of information over long distances. telephone radio