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Performance and Calibration of Wide Field Camera 3

Performance and Calibration of Wide Field Camera 3. John W. MacKenty, STScI Randy A. Kimble, NASA/GSFC and The WFC3 Team. Wide Field Camera 3. A 4 th generation science instrument for the Hubble Space Telescope Provides HST with powerful imaging capabilities for the future

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Performance and Calibration of Wide Field Camera 3

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  1. Performance and Calibration of Wide Field Camera 3 John W. MacKenty, STScI Randy A. Kimble, NASA/GSFC and The WFC3 Team

  2. Wide Field Camera 3 • A 4th generation science instrument for the Hubble Space Telescope • Provides HST with powerful imaging capabilities for the future • Visible light capabilities to complement ACS • More filters, smaller pixels, new CCDs • Greatly improved (>20x) near UV and near IR performance • Built as a Facility Instrument by GSFC & STScI • Science Oversight Committee and Science Integrated Product Team • Contractor team “reusing” HST designs, hardware, and knowledge • Instrument is performing very well • All redundant electronics running on primary side • Complex thermal system stable at planned setpoints (especially the critical detector temperatures) • Image quality and photometric stability are excellent • Optical, mechanical, and thermal systems demonstrate outstanding stability • No operational liens or issues

  3. WFC3 Timeline • 1997: SM4 Instruments AO selected COS for a mid-2002 launch. • 1997:HST Mission extended from 2005 to 2010. • 1998: WFC3/UVIS approved with a mid-2003 launch date. • 1999: Infrared Channel added on community recommendation. • 2003: Columbia lost; SM4 then planned for early 2005 launch. • 2003: WFC3 optical bench delivered to GSFC by Ball Aerospace. • 2004: SM4 cancelled in January. • 2004: Thermal Vacuum Test #1 (IR Focal Plane #64; Flight CCDs) • 2004-5: Re-design of WFC3 to support robotic servicing with HST Gyros • 2007: Thermal Vacuum Test #2 (IR Focal Plane #129; Backup CCDs) • 2008: Thermal Vacuum Test #3 (IR Focal Plane #165; Flight CCDs) • 2008: Delivered WFC3 to KSC in August for October 2008 Launch • 2009: Launched in May 2009 following delay due to HST SI C&DH

  4. Team Accomplishment • Past Science IPT Members • Wayne Baggett • Howard Bond • Tom Brown • Laura Cawley • Ed Cheng (GSFC, now Conceptual Analytics) • Ilana Dashevsky • Don Figer • Mauro Giavalisco • Shireen Gonzaga • Christopher Hanley • Ron Henry • Pat Knezek • Ray Kutina • Casey Lisse • Olivia Lupie • André Martel • Neill Reid • Massimo Robberto • Michael Robinson • Megan Sosey • Massimo Stiavelli • The WFC3 Scientific Oversight Committee • Bruce Balick, University of Washington • Howard E. Bond, Space Telescope Science Institute • Daniela Calzetti, Space Telescope Science Institute • C. Marcella Carollo, Institute of Astronomy, ETH, Zurich • Michael J. Disney, Cardiff University • Michael A. Dopita, Mt Stromlo and Siding Spring Observatories • Jay Frogel, AURA • Donald N. B. Hall, University of Hawaii • Jon A. Holtzman, New Mexico State University • Randy Kimble, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (ex officio) • Gerard Luppino, University of Hawaii • Patrick J. McCarthy, Carnegie Observatories • John MacKenty, Space Telescope Science Institute (ex officio) • Robert W. O’Connell, University of Virginia (Chair) • Francesco Paresce, European Southern Observatory • Abhijit Saha, National Optical Astronomy Observatory • Joseph I. Silk, Oxford University • John T. Trauger, Jet Propulsion Laboratory • Alistair R. Walker, Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory • Bradley C. Whitmore, Space Telescope Science Institute • Rogier A. Windhorst, Arizona State University • Erick T. Young, University of Arizona • The WFC3 Science Integrated Product Team (2009) • Sylvia Baggett • Elizabeth Barker • Tiffany Borders • Howard Bushouse • Tomas Dahlen • Linda Dressel • Susana Deustua • Michael Dulude • George Hartig • Bryan Hilbert • Robert Hill (GSFC) • Jason Kalirai • Jessica Kim Quijano • Randy Kimble (Instrument Scientist, GSFC) • Vera Kozhurina-Platais • Knox Long • John MacKenty (Deputy Instrument Scientist) • Brian McLean • Peter McCullough • Cheryl Pavlovsky • Larry Petro • Nor Pirzcal • Abhijith Rajan • Adam Riess • Elena Sabbi • Alex Viana • Michael Wong • WFC3 Management, Engineering, and Contractor Teams • Thai Pham and Jackie Townsend, GSFC Instrument Managers • GSFC Engineering Teams in Codes 400, 500, and 600 (plus Code 300 reviewers) • Ball Aerospace, Swales Aerospace (now ATK), Teledyne, E2V, and many others • By my estimate 300-400 people made significant contributions to the development of Wide Field Camera 3

  5. Calibration Strategy • SMOV (Commissioning Activities) • Primary Requirement: safely start science program at earliest date • Start monitoring of WFC3 performance • Cycle 17 Calibration • Basic Calibrations: Detectors, Photometry, Flats, Astrometry, etc. • Trend Instrument: stability  improved calibration over time • Understand instrument • Cycle 18 Calibration • Plan now in development: input welcome

  6. WFC3 SMOV Program • Three phases: • Engineering: Instrument Performance Nominal • Complete except for TEC setpoint verification ongoing • Optical Alignment: met expectation (one extra iteration in each channel) • Science performance and calibration verification • Demonstrates that WFC3 can be calibrated to anticipated levels • Early calibration of geometric distortion for EROs successful • 43 distinct SMOV Activities following SM4 • 4 used engineering telemetry data only • 39 required a total of 429 visits. • Total number of Images: ~4100 (completed September 11) • Results • Viewgraph stack posted Sept 9, 2009 with results of each activity • Instrument Science Reports published on most proposals • No major surprises (but throughput 5-15% above pre-launch predictions)

  7. Cycle 17 Calibration Plan • WFC3 Cy17 Calibration Plan • Covers 15 months starting 1 August 2009 • Scope: 35 proposals, 249 external orbits, ~2220 internal orbits • Supplemental Program (2/2010): 16 ext/35int orbits • Three ISRs describe our approach in key areas • ISR 2009-07: Overview of the WFC3 Cycle 17 Detector Monitoring Campaign by M. H. Wong et al. 29 May 2009 • ISR 2009-06: WFC3 Calibration Using Galactic Clustersby E. Sabbi et al. 08 Sep 2009 • ISR 2009-05: The Photometric Calibration of WFC3: SMOV and Cycle 17 Observing Plan by J. S. Kalirai et al. 12 Jun 2009 • Overview/Summary ISR • ISR 2009-08: WFC3 Cycle 17 Calibration Program by S. Deustua et al. 18 Feb 2010

  8. Cy17 Supplemental Calibrations • IR Subarray Anomaly • Persistence Characterization • UVIS Stray Light • F336W zeropoint and flat test • IR Linearity in Subarrays • UVIS Image Skew Verification • CCD Fringe Calibration • Tungsten Lamp Warmup • Photometry with Spatial Scans

  9. Major Calibration Topics • Photometric Zero-points (Jason Kalirai talk) • Flat Fields (Elena Sabbi and Nor Pirzkal talks) • Ground external flats have ~4% gradient: Omega Cen L-Flats • First versions are appearing on the www site as “alpha releases” • High spatial frequencies appear stable (pre/post launch int flats) • Future efforts in sky (IR only) and earth flats • Astrometry & Geometric Distortion (Vera Kozhurina-Platais talk) • 10 UVIS and 5 IR Filters have multiple observations of star fields • IDCTAB solutions on www as “alpha release” with older single filter solutions in CDBS/OPUS • Detector bias, dark, linearity, bad pixels, etc (Bryan Hilbert talk) • CALWF3 pipeline (Howard Bushouse talk)

  10. Main Calibration Issues • IR Detector Persistence (Knox Long talk) • Unlike NICMOS the SAA is not a problems (flush is on in SAA) • Bright targets leave residual images for several orbits • STScI working several paths • Linearity of IR detector depends upon flux (Adam Riess talk) • “Count Rate Non-Linearity” aka “Bohlin Effect” • Smaller effect than NICMOS but ultimate calibration expectation higher • Ongoing calibration effort UVIS detector • Radiation effects on CTE (Vera Kozhurina-Platais poster) • Planning to implement Change Injection for Cycle 19 • Ability to do photometry with saturated stars (Ron Gilliland poster) • Correction for fringing in red light (Mike Wong talk) • IR Grisms are very popular (Harald Kuntschner talk) • Planned phaseout of ST-ECF support and transfer to STScI in Dec 2010 • Broad variety of science will test this capability

  11. Cycle 18 Grism Usage • Large complement of CY18 GO IR Grism observations • ~100 orbits in MCT (Riess) TOO for SN1a

  12. Posters at this Workshop • W1 UVIS Detectors – Sylvia Baggett • W2 Image artifacts – Michael Dulude • W3 UVIS linearity – Abhijith Rajan • W4 UVIS linearity beyond saturation – Ron Gilliland • W5 DCL measurement of IR count rate non-linearity – Bob Hill • W6 L-Flats – Jennifer Mack • W7 CTE monitoring – Vera Kozhurina-Platais • W8 PSF measurements – Linda Dressel • W9 Example of IR Grism reduction – Martin Kuemmel • W10 IR Filter Wedge – Elena Sabbi & Tiffany Borders • W11 Dither and Drizzle Strategies – Max Mutchler

  13. Information Resources • WFC3 Instrument Handbook • v1.0 December 2007; v2.0 January 2010; v2.1 June 2010 • WFC3 Data Handbook (v1.0 January 2009) • WFC3 Space Telescope Analysis Newsletter (STAN) • #1 September 2009; #2 December 2009; #3 March 2010; #4 June 2010 • “Late Breaking News” on www.stsci.edu/hst/wfc3 • “Alpha Release” of calibrations [feedback requested!] • Instrument Science Reports • Cover design decisions, SLTV#1, #2, #3, SMOV, and Cy17 • 235 reports available at http://www.stsci.edu/hst/wfc3/documents/ISRs/

  14. WFC3 First Light Images

  15. GSFC System Eng. Seminar, December 8, 2009 Performance and Early Results of Wide Field Camera 3 R. Kimble (NASA/GSFC)

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