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Lecture # 8

Lecture # 8. SPECIFIC HEATS Specific heat is the energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree in a specified way. specific heat at constant volume C v specific heat at constant pressure C p.

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Lecture # 8

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  1. Lecture # 8 SPECIFIC HEATS Specific heat is the energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree in a specified way.

  2. specific heat at constant volume Cv • specific heat at constant pressure Cp.

  3. First, consider a fixed mass in a stationary closed system undergoing a constant-volume process (and thus no expansion or compression work is involved).

  4. A common unit for specific heats is kJ/kg · °C or kJ/kg · K. Notice that: • The specific heats are sometimes given on a molar basis

  5. INTERNAL ENERGY, ENTHALPY, AND SPECIFIC HEATS OF IDEAL GASES We defined an ideal gas as a gas whose temperature, pressure, and specific volume are related by: for an ideal gas the internal energy is a function of the temperature only. That is:

  6. Then the differential changes in the internal energy and enthalpy of an ideal gas can be expressed as:

  7. Then the integrations in these equations can be performed, yielding: • There are three ways to determine the internal energy and • enthalpy changes of ideal gases:

  8. Specific Heat Relations of Ideal Gases

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