Plagiarism & Annotation

1. Plagiarism & Annotation

2. Overview Plagiarism is the Problem Annotation is the Answer • Foot/End noting

3. What is Plagiarism? • Presenting someone’s work as your own • Example: buying an essay, copying someone’s assignment • Using someone’s words instead of your own • Example: taking a sentence intact or even an “apt phrase” and presenting it as your own • Presenting someone’s ideas as your • Example: following the logic of a paragraph (even in your own words) and presenting it as your own • Presenting someone’s sources as your own • Example: putting down the same footnotes but without reading the books yourself

4. What is Plagiarism? • Plagiarism is intellectual theft • It completely undermines the logic of learning by doing

5. What is Plagiarism? Intentional • Buying work • Copying someone’s written work • Copying from the Internet • “Cut and paste” from the Net Unintentional • Bad notetaking • Excessive quotations • Staying close to the text • Bad “archiving” of copied materials • Sloppy writing • Lack of language confidence

6. Write it Yourself • Using your own words for your own ideas • For the ideas of others • Quoting • Paraphrasing • Summarizing

7. Write it Yourself • Using your own words for your own ideas • For the ideas of others • Quoting • Paraphrasing • Summarizing

8. Quoting • Using “the exact words” of another author • For accuracy • For impact • For atmosphere • Most students over-quote... and then it is a sign of laziness

9. Paraphrasing • Using the arguments (and evidence) of an author (usually in the original order) • You need to show the logic (and evidence) in order to show how far you agree or disagree • You have made detailed notes and don’t want to waste them • Essays made up of consecutive pieces of paraphrased text do not usually shine with intellectual power!

10. Summarising • In your own words condensing the main thrust of an authors argument • You want to show how the author fits into a particular debate • You want to show how you fit into a debate • Thoroughly commendable but • don’t overdo it, and • don’t cheat

11. PlagiarismWhat we look for I • Exact phrases from a text without attribution • Close paraphrasing from a text without attribution • Content of essay that match those of a fellow student • Content of an essay that match an own assignment submitted for another course This is the equivalent of an athlete being tested positively for doping

12. PlagiarismWhat we look for II • Attributions that do not match the content of the text • Unusual changes in personal style This is the equivalent of an athlete being tested positively for using a masking agent

13. The Answer to PlagiarismAnnotate properly • What to annotate • Quotes • Cite exact page at the end of every quote • Paraphrased passages • Cite relevant pages • Summaries • Cite the pages or even entire source

15. AnnotationEnd/Footnoting • Out-of-text system • Used when you also have complicated citations • archives citations • legal citations • Used when text commentary included

16. AnnotationEnd/Footnoting • Out-of-text system • Uses Full attribution first citation • Ibidem. (page)immediate second citation • Author, op. cit. (page ) later citation • Author, short title , op. cit.(page) if more than one title

17. AnnotationEnd/Footnoting • Bibliography and notes follow same system • Initials, Surname, Title (Place of Publication, Publisher, Date) • Initials, Surname, “Title” in Editors (eds.) Title (Place of Publication, Publisher, date) pages • Initials, Surname, “Title”, Journal, Volume, Number (year) pages

18. The End