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Prepared by: Johnathan Nielsen Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University

ECE 5320 Mechatronics Assignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators Topic: Brushless Motors. Prepared by: Johnathan Nielsen Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University E: johnathan.nielsen@aggiemail.usu.edu. 3/11/2010. Outline. Reference list

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Prepared by: Johnathan Nielsen Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University

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  1. ECE 5320 MechatronicsAssignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators Topic: Brushless Motors Prepared by: Johnathan Nielsen Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University E: johnathan.nielsen@aggiemail.usu.edu 3/11/2010

  2. Outline • Reference list • Further Exploration • Major Applications • Basic Principles • Typical Configuration • Typical Motor • Typical Controller • Examples of Applications • Major specifications • Drawbacks • Advantages • Cost ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  3. Reference list • Mechatronics: An Integrated Approach, Clarence W. de Silva, 2005 • http://www.rctoys.com/pr/2009/05/25/all-about-brushless-motors-what-you-need-to-know/ • http://www.hpieurope.com/walk.php?lang=en&id=21 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brushless_DC_electric_motor ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  4. Further Exploration • There is a lot of information about brushless motors on RC Websites or Hobbyist Groups. • When searching for information it is more useful to search for “how brushless motors work”, brushless motors will just find dealers web pages to buy them. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  5. Major applications • R/C cars and planes. • Electric Vehicles • Hybrid Vehicles • Computer Hard Drives • CD/DVD Players • Electric Bicycle and Scooter (i.e. Segway) ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  6. Basic Principles • Brushless motors came about to overcome the main disadvantages of standard DC motors due to the brushing mechanisms. • These reasons are: • Rapid wear out • Mechanical loading and heating • Contact bounce • Excessive noise • Arcing • Voltage ripples ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  7. Basic Principles • Brushless motors act as an inside out standard DC motor. • Permanent-magnet rotors • Commutation by switching currents in the stator windings • This is the reverse of standard DC motors. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  8. Basic Principles • The stators switch polarities so that the magnets make the rotor spin • Pole count on the rotor can vary but must be more than one pole. Stator Switching Example http://www.etf.usmtu.edu.ua/spe/bldc-motor/MOTORBLDCTUT.html ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  9. Typical Configuration ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  10. Typical Configuration • The stators are connected to a power source, usually, a motor controller which switches the power on the stators so that the rotor spins. • The rotor can be connected just like any other standard DC motor: • Propellers • Gears • Wheels • Various other options ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  11. Typical Motor This is a typical RC brushless motor. http://www.rctoys.com/pr/2009/05/25/all-about-brushless-motors-what-you-need-to-know/ ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  12. Typical Controller A motor controller for a brushless motor. http://www.rctoys.com/rc-toys-and-parts/HA-X-20-PRO/RC-PARTS-SPEED-CONTROLLERS-HACKER.html ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  13. Major Specifications • Motor Type: • Outrunner- rotor or moving part is contained within the motor. • Inrunner- rotor or moving part is the outer part of the motor. • Power- measured in watts for power consumption of the motor. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  14. Examples of Applications Brushless motor for an electric scooter www.gizmag.com/go/8036/picture/37999/ ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  15. Examples of Applications Electric Scooter using Brushless Motors www.wheel.co.kr/sf1.htm ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  16. Major Specifications • RPM/V (Kv value)- unloaded RPM at the peak voltage of the wires connected to the stators. • Example: Kv = 5700 RPM/V with Vp = 11.1V • 5700*11.1 = 63,270 RPM (unloaded) • Continuous Current- max steady state current. • Burst Current- peak current for rapid start. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  17. Drawbacks • More expensive than a standard DC motor. • Requires a motor controller for the stator switching which adds to the cost as well. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  18. Advantages • No maintenance required • Higher power to weight ratio • Many types and sizes available for all types of applications ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  19. Cost • Cost range of brushless motors: • As low as $25.00 • Up to several hundred dollars • Cost range of motor controllers: • As low as $15.00 • Up to over $100.00 • Many combinations are possible with lots of different price ranges ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  20. Conclusion • Brushless motors behave like DC motors but are “inside out.” • They are more convenient because they require less maintenance. • They have a higher initial cost due to manufacturing ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

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