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Night

Night. Elie Wiesel. Day 1. Background. Born in Sighet , 1928 Close-knit Jewish community. Middle class family, grocers. Religious study Germans invaded in 1944. He was 15. Elie Wiesel aged 15 shortly before deportation. Location: Sighet. Life in Sighet.

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Night

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  1. Night Elie Wiesel

  2. Day 1

  3. Background • Born in Sighet, 1928 • Close-knit Jewish community. • Middle class family, grocers. • Religious study • Germans invaded in 1944. • He was 15. Elie Wiesel aged 15 shortly before deportation

  4. Location: Sighet

  5. Life in Sighet

  6. Rise of Hitler and the Nazis • Germany was blamed for WWI. • Reparations. • Hit hard by the Great Depression • Germans desperate for someone to provide stability. • Hitler and the Nazi party promised economic prosperity and military dominance.

  7. Vocabulary • Kabbala – Jewish mystical texts • Torah – The 1st five books of the Books of Moses (referred as the Old Testament). • Hasidic – strict form of Judaism. • Talmud – authoritative body of Jewish teachings. • Synagogue – Jewish temple • Zionism – belief in a Jewish country • Anti-Semitism – Hatred against Jews

  8. Concentration Camps Day 2

  9. Jews in Europe • 9 million in 1939 • 3 million in 1945 • 1.6 million today

  10. The Holocaust • The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. During the era of the Holocaust, German authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived “racial inferiority”: Roma (Gypsies), the disabled, and some of the Slavic peoples (Poles, Russians, and others). Other groups were persecuted on political, ideological, and behavioral grounds, among them Communists, Socialists, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and homosexuals.

  11. Concentration camps • Over 6 million Jews were murdered. • A network of over 40,000 facilities in Germany and occupied territories were used. • The Roma, handicapped, homosexuals and political dissidents were also targeted. • Prisoners were “separated” by those who were able to work, and those immediately gassed.

  12. Holocaust Museum clip http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_nm.php?ModuleId=10005143&MediaId=7827

  13. Notes Chapter 2 – gather evidence • Religious observance • Fire as a symbol • Madame Schacter • Silence of victims • Lack of resistance

  14. Auschwitz Day 3

  15. Group Discussion – chapter 2 • Identify each of the steps in the German plan to get the townspeople from Sighet to Aushwitz. • Point out how the cunning of the German plan and the people’s human need for optimism in the face of danger led the Jews of Sighet to the transports to Auschwitz.

  16. Josef Mengele: Angel of Death • A German doctor and SS officer. • “Separated” people on arrival. • Experimented on inmates, obsessed with twins. • Sadistic, cruel, psychopathic, manipulative. • Fled to South America. • Died in 1979 See notes

  17. Clips: America’s Century • 1) 11:32–13 • 2) 1-4:50; 9:15-end • 3) beginning to 7:03; 9:51-end • 4) beginning to 6:00; 8:03 to end

  18. Notes for Ch. 3 • Language: use of short sentences to quicken the pace and add tension. • What are the things he “never shall forget?” • How is the image of darkness and night used? Be specific, provide quotations. • How does he react to his father being beaten? • How does he feel about God by the end of the chapter? • For you, what is the most horrific event in this chapter?

  19. Chapter 4

  20. Dramatic irony • Definition: something that is understood by the audience, but not the characters. • Example: Rose, in The Titanic, says: “It’s just so beautiful, I could die.”

  21. Verbal Irony • Definition: The intentional use of a word in a way that is different from its meaning. • Example: As pleasant as surgery.

  22. Quotes, explanations, for: • The dentist/the gold tooth. • The young French girl. • Idek • The kapos • Elie’s feelings toward his father. • Air raid (significance to prisoners?) • The hanging of the young boy

  23. Journal entry • In what ways is Elie resisting? • Try to explain what this means: God is hanging from those gallows. • What is your reaction to the book so far?

  24. Chapter 5

  25. Terms you should know • Yom Kippur – day of atonement, fasting • Kaddish – prayer of respect for the dead. • Kapo – a prisoner who worked with the Nazis to supervise other prisoners.

  26. Reading questions • During Yom Kippur, what do the prisoners debate? • Why doesn’t Elie fast? • What did Elie’s father give to him, and what did Elie call it? • Why was Akiba Drummer chosen for selection? • What happened to the people who remained in the hospital?

  27. pp. 85-97 Chapter 6

  28. Notes – and these questions • What happens if someone stops running? • Why won’t Eliezer’s father let him sleep? • What agreement do Elie and his father reach? • What truth about his son does Eliezer NOT tell Rabbi Eliahou? • How is Eliezer’s father saved during selection?

  29. Reflection question • Compare and contrast the different ways in which sons treat their fathers in this chapter. Use pg#’s and cite direct evidence from the book.

  30. Literary devices • Pg. 82: “Death wrapped itself around me…it stuck to me” is an example of what literary device?

  31. 98-103 Chapter 7

  32. Reading Questions • Why are the prisoners happy to throw bodies out of the train? • What do the German workmen do at the train stops for amusement? • Who kills an old man for bread? What happens to the killer? • The train started with 100 people. How many are left?

  33. 104-112 Chapter 8

  34. Reading Questions • Describe (with pg. #s) what Eliezer does to keep his father alive. • Describe (with pg. #s) his mixed emotions (guilt, pain) as he deals with his father’s death.

  35. 113-120 Chapter 9

  36. Essay Questions • At the end of Night, Wiesel writes that he looked like a corpse. What parts of Eliezer died during captivity? What was born in its place? • When Night begins, Eliezer is so moved by faith that he weeps when he prays—but he is only 12 years old. How does Eliezer's relationship with his faith and with God change as the book progresses? When the book ends, he is 16 years old. How would you describe him?

  37. 3. As the story progresses, we witness scenes in which the Jews have been reduced to acting—and even treating their fellow prisoners—like rabid animals. During an air raid over Buna (see p. 59), a starved man risks being shot by crawling out to a cauldron of soup that stands in the middle of the camp, only to thrust his face into the boiling liquid once he has arrived there safely. Where else do we see examples of human beings committing such insane acts? What leads people to such horrific behavior? Is it fair to say that such beastliness in the death camps is inevitable? Do Eliezer and his father fall prey to such behavior?

  38. The essay: Paragraph 1 • The hook • The thesis • The forecast

  39. The hook • An opening statement that captures the attention of the reader and makes him/her want to read more.

  40. Strategies for the hook • Surprising fact: Despite the sacrifice of thousands of soldiers, protestors and activists to ensure that we have the right to vote, only half of eligible voters in this country bother to actually vote. • Wit: Democracy is the worst form of government ever created – with the exception of every form of government that came before it. • Quote: “Democracy must be born anew every generation, and education is its midwife” (Dewey, 1908). • Dilemma: Abraham Lincoln, in order to protect a democracy, sometimes had to suspend it.

  41. The thesis • Establishes a focus for the essay, a position to be proven.

  42. Strategies for the thesis • It is debatable. • Ex of debatable: The U.S. should spend half of its budget on military defense. • Ex of non-debatable: The military is important. • It is narrow. • Ex of narrow: Overspending on the military is harmful because it takes away from spending we need at home. • Ex of too broad: Overspending is harmful.

  43. Strategies for the forecast • Outline for the reader (and yourself) how the essay will be structured. • Do not be overly detailed. • You can revise it at the end to reflect changes in the essay.

  44. theses • When you are stripped of your basic human rights, freedom and innocence, then beast-like behavior is inevitable. • Succumbing to animalistic behavior is not inevitable; Eliezer and his father are examples of this.

  45. theses • Those who survive show different levels of barbaric instincts. • In the concentration camps any prisoner who was on the verge of death, and had the will to live were reduced to the actions of animals.

  46. Theses • Those who wanted to live had to act barbarically in some way to do so. • The prisoners act barbarically and cruelly in order to survive. Eliezer and his father are the exception because they rely on their love for each other to survive.

  47. My hook • Makes the reader want to read more because it is either: surprising, witty, contains a relevant and interesting quote, or poses a dilemma.

  48. Transitions • A verbal bridge that connects one part of the introduction to another. • Explains the hook. • Introduces the novel.

  49. My thesis is • Debatable (it requires proof) • Narrow (it is clearly defined)

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