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LAMENESS

LAMENESS. Predisposing factors: Immaturity for hard work (racing 2-year olds) Faulty conformation Poor condition or conditioning Nutritional deficiencies or imbalances Fatigue - tendon and ligament sprains Improper shoeing Illness Local leg infections. LAMENESS. WARNING

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LAMENESS

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  1. LAMENESS Predisposing factors: • Immaturity for hard work (racing 2-year olds) • Faulty conformation • Poor condition or conditioning • Nutritional deficiencies or imbalances • Fatigue - tendon and ligament sprains • Improper shoeing • Illness • Local leg infections

  2. LAMENESS • WARNING • Change In Posture • WARNING • Performance Clues • WARNING • Chronically uncomfortable horses

  3. LAMENESS • General Signs: Head bobbing, dropping hip, pointing, strong digital pulse

  4. LAMENESS • Increased heat • Changes in shape or size • Discolored spots on sole • Abnormal wear patterns • Soft swelling • Thickening of tendons • Hard lumps

  5. BACK PROBLEMS Poor shoeing Poorly balanced diet Turning out a fresh horse Inadequate dental care & bitting problems Improper training, riding techniques Cold water on a hot back Inadequate warm-up & cool-down Poorly fitting saddle &/or dirty padding Leaving the cinch too tight for too long Inadequate grooming LAMENESS

  6. LAMINITIS - FOUNDER • Prognosis • 30% return to soundness • 10% intermittently lame • 10% permanent severe lameness • 50% death

  7. ACUTE LAMINITIS • Sudden • Shifting weight • Stilted, shuffling gait • Fore feet extended – hind feet under the center of the body • Reluctant to move

  8. ACUTE LAMINITIS • Resists lifting feet • Elevated heart rate • Sweaty • Distressed • Strong digital pulse

  9. CHRONIC LAMINITIS • Pressure on the sole from a rotated or sunken pedal bone • Breakdown of the hoof wall-pedal bone bond • Permanent changes in blood supply to the hoof wall

  10. CHRONIC LAMINITIS More susceptible to: Sole bruises Abscesses Flaring & separation of the wall at the toe Infection beneath the separated wall Hoof wall cracks Degeneration of the tip of the pedal bone Chronic lameness Slowed hoof wall growth

  11. LAMINITIS – FOUNDERContributing Factors • Bacterial Toxin • Colic • Colitis • Potomac Horse Fever • Pleuropneumonia • Endometritis • Water founder • Postoperative colic • Black walnut wood shavings

  12. LAMINITIS – FOUNDERContributing Factors • Carbohydrate overload • Severe dehydration or shock • Corticosteriods • Pituitary gland dysfunction in older horses • Extreme load • Repeated concussion (“road founder”) • Stress related

  13. LAMINITIS - TREATMENT • Prevent or limit coffin bone rotation • Frog support • Wedges & trimming • Reverse shoes • Deep bedding • Restricted exercise • Surgery

  14. LAMINITIS TREATMENT • Relieve the pain • Medications • Poultices • Nerve blocks • Improve blood flow in feet • Medications

  15. Navicular Syndrome

  16. Navicular Syndrome Weight Bearing Activates navicular bone Compression of navicular bone Tension of supporting ligaments Navicular Bursitis? Abnormal increase In bone density Fracture? Cartilage degeneration, Especially on flexor surface Abrasion of flexor Tendon by eroded cartilage

  17. Navicular Syndrome Weight Bearing Activates navicular bone Compression of navicular bone Tension of supporting ligaments Ligament strain & Inflammation, especially At bottom Tearing of Ligament(s)? New bone Production at Sides (“canoeing”) Compensation from Vessels at upper edge Reduced blood flow To & from navicular bone Increased blood Pressure within navicular bone Loss of bone Density around vessels Cavities (“flasks” or “lollipops”) along lower edge

  18. NAVICULAR SYNDROMECONTRIBUTING FACTORS • Foot shape • Long toes, low heels • Narrow, upright feet • Improper trimming, shoeing • Activity

  19. NAVICULAR SYNDROME Signs • Appears slowly • Lameness gets progressively worse • Horse tries to land toe first • Intermittent lameness • Heels contract & rise

  20. NAVICULAR SYNDROME Treatment • Shoeing • Training • Drugs • Vasodilators • Anti-inflammatory • Surgery – Palmar Digital Neurectomy

  21. LAMENESS PREVENTATIVE MEASURES • Icing & cold hosing • Massage • Stable wraps • Topical preparations • Braces • Poultices • Sweats • Liniments

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