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Chapter 20

Chapter 20. 0. Electric Fields and Forces. 20 Electric Fields and Forces. Slide 20-2. Slide 20-3. Slide 20-4. Slide 20-5. Electric Charges and Forces, Part I. Slide 20-12. Electric Charges and Forces, Part II. Slide 20-13. Electric Charges and Forces, Part III. Slide 20-14.

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Chapter 20

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  1. Chapter 20 0 Electric Fields and Forces

  2. 20Electric Fields and Forces Slide 20-2

  3. Slide 20-3

  4. Slide 20-4

  5. Slide 20-5

  6. Electric Charges and Forces, Part I Slide 20-12

  7. Electric Charges and Forces, Part II Slide 20-13

  8. Electric Charges and Forces, Part III Slide 20-14

  9. Visualizing Charge • Charges on an insulator do not move. • Charges on a conductor adjust until there is no net force on any charge. We call this electrostatic equilibrium. Slide 20-15

  10. The Charge Model Slide 20-16

  11. Electric Charges and Forces, Part IV Slide 20-17

  12. Charging by Contact Slide 20-18

  13. Insulators and Conductors Slide 20-19

  14. An Induced Electric Dipole Slide 20-20

  15. Conceptual Example Problem • Two spheres are touching each other. A charged rod is brought near. The spheres are then separated, and the rod is taken away. In the first case, the spheres are aligned with the rod, in the second case, they are perpendicular. After the charged rod is removed, which of the spheres is: • i) Positive • ii) Negative • iii) Neutral Slide 20-21

  16. Conceptual Example Problems If a charged plastic rod is brought near an uncharged metal rod on an insulating stand, an uncharged metal ball near the other end of the metal rod is attracted to this end of the rod. Explain the motions of charges that give rise to this force. Describe a procedure by which you could give two identical metal spheres exactly equal charges. Describe a procedure by which you could give two identical metal spheres charges of opposite sign but exactly equal magnitude. Slide 20-22

  17. Coulomb’s Law Slide 20-23

  18. Checking Understanding A small, positive charge is placed at the black dot. In which case is the force on the small, positive charge the largest? Slide 20-24

  19. Answer A small, positive charge is placed at the black dot. In which case is the force on the small, positive charge the largest? C Slide 20-25

  20. Checking Understanding A small, positive charge is placed at the black dot. In which case is the force on the small, positive charge the smallest? Slide 20-26

  21. Answer A small, positive charge is placed at the black dot. In which case is the force on the small, positive charge the smallest? D Slide 20-27

  22. Conceptual Example Problem • All charges in the diagrams below are equal magnitude. In each case, a small positive charge is placed at the blank dot. In which cases is the force on this charge: • to the right? • to the left? • zero? Slide 20-28

  23. Checking Understanding All charges in the diagrams below are of equal magnitude. In each case, a small, positive charge is placed at the black dot.In which case is the force on the small, positive charge the largest? Slide 20-29

  24. Answer All charges in the diagrams below are of equal magnitude. In each case, a small, positive charge is placed at the black dot.In which case is the force on the small, positive charge the largest? C Slide 20-30

  25. Checking Understanding All charges in the diagrams below are of equal magnitude. In each case, a small, positive charge is placed at the black dot.In which case is the force on the small, positive charge the smallest? Slide 20-31

  26. Answer All charges in the diagrams below are of equal magnitude. In each case, a small, positive charge is placed at the black dot.In which case is the force on the small, positive charge the smallest? D Slide 20-32

  27. Example Problem Two 0.10 g honeybees each acquire a charge of +23 pC as they fly back to their hive. As they approach the hive entrance, they are 1.0 cm apart. What is the magnitude of the repulsive force between the two bees? How does this force compare with their weight? Slide 20-33

  28. The Electric Field Slide 20-34

  29. The Electric Field of a Point Charge Slide 20-35

  30. Checking Understanding Positive charges create an electric field in the space around them.In which case is the field at the black dot the smallest? Slide 20-36

  31. Answer Positive charges create an electric field in the space around them.In which case is the field at the black dot the smallest? D Slide 20-37

  32. Checking Understanding Positive charges create an electric field in the space around themIn which case is the field at the black dot the largest? Slide 20-38

  33. Answer Positive charges create an electric field in the space around themIn which case is the field at the black dot the largest? C Slide 20-39

  34. Conceptual Example Problem • All charges in the diagram below are of equal magnitude. In each of the four cases, two charges lie along a line, and we consider the electric field due to these two charges at a point along this line represented by the black dot. In which of the cases is the field: • to the right? • to the left? • zero? Slide 20-40

  35. Checking Understanding All charges in the diagram below are of equal magnitude. In each of the four cases below, two charges lie along a line, and we consider the electric field due to these two charges at a point along this line represented by the black dot. In which case is the magnitude of the field at the black dot the largest? Slide 20-41

  36. Answer All charges in the diagram below are of equal magnitude. In each of the four cases below, two charges lie along a line, and we consider the electric field due to these two charges at a point along this line represented by the black dot. In which case is the magnitude of the field at the black dot the largest? A Slide 20-42

  37. Checking Understanding All charges in the diagram below are of equal magnitude. In each of the four cases below, two charges lie along a line, and we consider the electric field due to these two charges at a point along this line represented by the black dot. In which case is the magnitude of the field at the black dot the smallest? Slide 20-43

  38. Answer All charges in the diagram below are of equal magnitude. In each of the four cases below, two charges lie along a line, and we consider the electric field due to these two charges at a point along this line represented by the black dot. In which case is the magnitude of the field at the black dot the smallest? D Slide 20-44

  39. Dipole and Uniform Electric Fields Slide 20-45

  40. Checking Understanding • A set of electric field lines is directed as below. At which of the noted points is the magnitude of the field the greatest? Slide 20-46

  41. Answer • A set of electric field lines is directed as below. At which of the noted points is the magnitude of the field the greatest? A Slide 20-47

  42. Checking Understanding A set of electric field lines is directed as below. At which of the noted points is the magnitude of the field the smallest? Slide 20-48

  43. Answer A set of electric field lines is directed as below. At which of the noted points is the magnitude of the field the smallest? D Slide 20-49

  44. Electric Field Lines Slide 20-50

  45. Checking Understanding Two parallel plates have charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign. What change could be made to increase the field strength between the plates? Increase the magnitude of the charge on both plates Decrease the magnitude of the charge on both plates Increase the distance between the plates Decrease the distance between the plates Increase the area of the plates (while keeping the magnitude of the charges the same) Slide 20-51

  46. Answer Two parallel plates have charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign. What change could be made to increase the field strength between the plates? Increase the magnitude of the charge on both plates Decrease the magnitude of the charge on both plates Increase the distance between the plates Decrease the distance between the plates Increase the area of the plates (while keeping the magnitude of the charges the same) Slide 20-52

  47. Checking Understanding Two parallel plates have charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign. What change could be made to decrease the field strength between the plates? Increase the magnitude of the charge on both plates Decrease the magnitude of the charge on both plates Increase the distance between the plates Decrease the distance between the plates Decrease the area of the plates (while keeping the magnitude of the charges the same) Slide 20-53

  48. Answer Two parallel plates have charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign. What change could be made to decrease the field strength between the plates? Increase the magnitude of the charge on both plates Decrease the magnitude of the charge on both plates Increase the distance between the plates Decrease the distance between the plates Decrease the area of the plates (while keeping the magnitude of the charges the same) Slide 20-54

  49. Conductors and Electric Fields Slide 20-55

  50. Forces and Torques on Charges in Electric Fields Slide 20-56

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