Challenges and Opportunities in Plastic Recycle

1. Challenges and Opportunitiesin Plastic Recycle

2. Content • Understand Plastic Identification Code • Some opportunities and challenge • Recycle Plastic Requirement • CSR Model

3. PLASTIC IDENTIFICATION CODE

4. Resin Identification Coding System is a set of symbols placed on plastics to identify the polymer type. It was developed by the Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI) in 1988. Primary purpose of the codes is to allow efficient separation of different polymer types for recycling. The symbols used in the code consist of arrows that cycle clockwise to form a rounded triangle and enclosing a number, often with an acronym representing the plastic below the triangle. When the number is omitted, the symbol is known as the universal Recycling Symbol, indicating generic recyclable materials. In this case, other text and labels are used to indicate the material(s) used. The number not indicatehow hard the item is to recycle, nor how often the plastic was recycled. It is an arbitrary number and has no other meaning aside from identifying the specific plastic. Resin Identification Code Coding System • Source: • Wikipedia • SPI (Society of Plastic Industry), www.plasticindustry.org

5. Plastic Identification Code Type of plastic polymer Properties Common Packaging Applications Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE) Clarity, strength, toughness, barrier to gas and moisture. Soft drink, water and salad dressing bottles; peanut butter and jam jars High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Stiffness, strength, toughness, resistance to moisture, permeability to gas. Water pipes, Hula-Hoop (children's game) rings, Milk, juice and water bottles; the occasional shampoo / toiletry bottle Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Versatility, clarity, ease of blending, strength, toughness. Juice bottles; cling films; PVC piping Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Ease of processing, strength, toughness, flexibility, ease of sealing, barrier to moisture. Frozen food bags; squeezable bottles, e.g. honey, mustard; cling films; flexible container lids. Polypropylene (PP) Strength, toughness, resistance to heat, chemicals, grease and oil, versatile, barrier to moisture. Reusable microwaveable ware; kitchenware; yogurt containers; margarine tubs; microwaveable disposable take-away containers; disposable cups and plates. Polystyrene (PS) Versatility, clarity, easily formed Egg cartons; packing peanuts; disposable cups, plates, trays and cutlery; disposable take-away containers; Other (often polycarbonate or ABS) Dependent on polymers or combination of polymers Beverage bottles; baby milk bottles; electronic casing.

6. Recycle Plastic

7. PET BOTTLE & POLYESTER • Most synthetic fibers (approximately 70%) are made from polyester, and the polyester most often used in textiles is polyethylene terephthalate (PET). • The majority of the world’s PET production – about 60% – is used to make fibers for textiles; about 30% is used to make bottles.  • It’s estimated that it takes about 104 million barrels of oil for PET production each year – that’s 70 million barrels just to produce the virgin polyester used in fabrics. • The reason recycled polyester (often written rPET) is considered a green option in textiles today is twofold, and the argument goes like this: • Saving energy (33% to 53% less energy than produce from virgin) • Estimate at 54.6% fewer CO2 emissions • Keeping bottles and other plastics out of the landfills.

8. Fun Facts About PET • First PET bottle was recycled in 1977 • FACTS about PET: • Recycling 1 ton of PET bottles saves 7.4 cubic yards of landfill space • It takes 5 recycled two-liter PET bottles to make one square foot of carpet. • PET bottles and containers are actually a form of polyester, which is why it is so easy to recycle bottles into T-shirts, sweaters and socks. • It takes 35 two-liter recycled PET bottles to make the soft filling inside a sleeping bag, called “fiberfill.” • Plastic makes up 8% of our trash by weight, but is 24% of the volume • Source: • EASTMAN • NAPCOR (National Association for PET Container Resources), www.napcor.com/PET/funfacts.html

9. What is required for “Bottle to Bottle” Recyclingmeans …..

10. Collection/ Sorting GrindingWashing Baled Bottle Flake BTB Pellet Flake VACUREMA Steps for BTB Super Cleaning Process

11. Involved parties…. • Collection company • Recycler • Preform producer • Beverage Industry • Government – Institutes…. • Consumer

12. Target for the “BTB” Recycling • No differences for the consumer • Performance of the bottle • Colour, black spots, taste ….. • No risk for the consumer and the industry • No differences for the preform production • Economic sense

13. Parameters for end product • Physical parameters • IV, AA, Colour, pellet, filtration, .... • Normally not tasted/approved by the government • Chemical Cleaness - Decontamination • Normally done only with Challenge and Migration test • Depends only on the cleaning effect of the system

14. Required from preform producer • IV increase - depending on beverage • Normally yes because in the long term “closed loop” can`t work • Melt filtration • Normally yes, because of black spots request, metal, glas, silicon issue.. • Pellet • Normally yes, otherwise invest for prefrom producer requested

15. Request for Chemical Cleanness • Absolute no risk for consumer – no taste change…. • “Super cleaning process” has to show the decontamination by a Challenge Test • The migration has to be inside the legislation

16. CSR MODEL

17. 1 Februari 1993: AQUA launched PEDULIProgram PEDULI = PEngembanganDaurUlangLImbah = waste recycling development

19. AQUA bottles Recycling • Recycling PET Study in Bandung, ITB, 2008 • 600 ml • Cups • Mizone • Social Study on 60 scavengers • Key Findings • PET, PP: 85-99% recycled • Scavengers poor social condition

20. Empower Scavengers and prepare sustainable RPET sourcing Objective: support innovative social business to Create value on PP caps Empower scavengers (water access, health, education…) Sustain PET flakes Supply (quality, quantity) Plan: revitalize AQUA PEDULI initiative through 4 parties partnerships AQUA SUPPLIER • 1st pilot unit in Bandung (Q4 09) • 5 to 10 units in 2010-2011 • Danone Eco Fund for investment SCAVENGERS COMMUNITIES NGO REMINDER Waste management bill (Act no 18/2008) - Article #15 • The producer oblige to manage the packaging of their product and/or their product which are unable or difficult to be decompose. Packaging management means drawing back packaging for the purpose of recycle or reuse

21. AQUA PEDULI: scavenger cooperative Bottles Consumer SUPPLIER Flakes rPP finished product SCAVENGERS NGO Capacity Building Market, Home industry AQUA PEDULI Unit

22. AQUA PEDULI Unit Model COOPERATIVE SAVING ACCOUNT CAPITAL rPP Finished products Administration BENEFIT PET Flakes SOCIAL BENEFIT SOCIAL ENTERPRISE EDUCATION & HEALTH WATER ACCESS CAPITAL ACCESS PET, PP VALORIZATION SCAVENGERS PET, PP, ?? Market

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